OBJECTIVE: The objective was to study the 2-year outcome of subjects diagnosed as having mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS: Two hundred and nine subjects diagnosed as having MCI were examined with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and followed up after 2 years. RESULTS: After 2 years, 34 subjects (16%) were lost for follow-up. Those subjects did not differ significantly in terms of MCI subclassification, MMSE score or age and education. Of the 175 subjects followed up, eight (4.5%) had improved to normal, two with amnestic MCI, one from multiple domains MCI, three with single domain MCI and two without any significant impairment at baseline. Forty-four subjects (25%) had progressed to dementia. Of these, 35 were from the multidomain amnestic group and nine from the multidomain non-amnestic group. The combination of Alzheimer-typical biomarkers (total-tau and amyloid beta) and multidomain amnestic MCI was the strongest predictor of progression to Alzheimer's disease, while vascular disease and multidomain amnestic MCI preceded mixed and vascular dementia. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that memory impairment alone, or impairment in any one cognitive domain alone, is a rather benign condition. Impairment in several cognitive domains is associated with a more severe outcome over 2 years. Also, 20% of the subjects who progressed to dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, did not show memory impairment at baseline, which suggests that memory impairment is not always the first symptom of even the most common dementia disorders.
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to study the 2-year outcome of subjects diagnosed as having mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS: Two hundred and nine subjects diagnosed as having MCI were examined with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and followed up after 2 years. RESULTS: After 2 years, 34 subjects (16%) were lost for follow-up. Those subjects did not differ significantly in terms of MCI subclassification, MMSE score or age and education. Of the 175 subjects followed up, eight (4.5%) had improved to normal, two with amnestic MCI, one from multiple domains MCI, three with single domain MCI and two without any significant impairment at baseline. Forty-four subjects (25%) had progressed to dementia. Of these, 35 were from the multidomain amnestic group and nine from the multidomain non-amnestic group. The combination of Alzheimer-typical biomarkers (total-tau and amyloid beta) and multidomain amnestic MCI was the strongest predictor of progression to Alzheimer's disease, while vascular disease and multidomain amnestic MCI preceded mixed and vascular dementia. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that memory impairment alone, or impairment in any one cognitive domain alone, is a rather benign condition. Impairment in several cognitive domains is associated with a more severe outcome over 2 years. Also, 20% of the subjects who progressed to dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, did not show memory impairment at baseline, which suggests that memory impairment is not always the first symptom of even the most common dementia disorders.
Authors: Emily C Edmonds; Lisa Delano-Wood; Lindsay R Clark; Amy J Jak; Daniel A Nation; Carrie R McDonald; David J Libon; Rhoda Au; Douglas Galasko; David P Salmon; Mark W Bondi Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2014-05-22 Impact factor: 21.566
Authors: Anders Wallin; Arto Nordlund; Michael Jonsson; Karin Lind; Åke Edman; Mattias Göthlin; Jacob Stålhammar; Marie Eckerström; Silke Kern; Anne Börjesson-Hanson; Mårten Carlsson; Erik Olsson; Henrik Zetterberg; Kaj Blennow; Johan Svensson; Annika Öhrfelt; Maria Bjerke; Sindre Rolstad; Carl Eckerström Journal: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Date: 2016-01 Impact factor: 6.200
Authors: L M Ercoli; G W Small; P Siddarth; V Kepe; S-C Huang; K J Miller; H Lavretsky; S Y Bookheimer; J R Barrio; D H S Silverman Journal: Int J Geriatr Psychiatry Date: 2012-03-01 Impact factor: 3.485
Authors: Edward D Huey; Jennifer J Manly; Ming-X Tang; Nicole Schupf; Adam M Brickman; Masood Manoochehri; Jesse Mez; Charles DeCarli; Davangere P Devanand; Richard Mayeux Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2013-02-27 Impact factor: 21.566
Authors: David A Wolk; Lauren Mancuso; Daria Kliot; Steven E Arnold; Bradford C Dickerson Journal: Neuropsychologia Date: 2013-03-06 Impact factor: 3.139