S F Ahmed1, L Sävendahl. 1. Bone and Endocrine Research Group, Division of Developmental Medicine, University of Glasgow, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Growth disorders are commonly observed in children with chronic inflammatory disease. It is likely that these disorders are mediated by a combination of factors, including the disease process and its treatment (with drugs such as glucocorticoids [GCs]). These factors affect the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis, which is crucial for promoting linear growth at the level of the growth plate. Recent advances in our knowledge of the effects of GCs and proinflammatory cytokines on the growth plate have led to an improved understanding of the biological rationale for the use of growth-promoting therapy in children with chronic inflammatory disease and concurrent growth retardation. CONCLUSIONS: Both GCs and proinflammatory cytokines can adversely affect a number of components of growth plate chondrogenesis, and these effects can be ameliorated by raising local IGF-I exposure. However, this intervention does not lead to complete normalization of the growth plate. In children with chronic inflammation, the cornerstone of improving growth remains the judicious use of GCs while ensuring effective control of the disease process. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.
BACKGROUND:Growth disorders are commonly observed in children with chronic inflammatory disease. It is likely that these disorders are mediated by a combination of factors, including the disease process and its treatment (with drugs such as glucocorticoids [GCs]). These factors affect the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis, which is crucial for promoting linear growth at the level of the growth plate. Recent advances in our knowledge of the effects of GCs and proinflammatory cytokines on the growth plate have led to an improved understanding of the biological rationale for the use of growth-promoting therapy in children with chronic inflammatory disease and concurrent growth retardation. CONCLUSIONS: Both GCs and proinflammatory cytokines can adversely affect a number of components of growth plate chondrogenesis, and these effects can be ameliorated by raising local IGF-I exposure. However, this intervention does not lead to complete normalization of the growth plate. In children with chronic inflammation, the cornerstone of improving growth remains the judicious use of GCs while ensuring effective control of the disease process. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Authors: M Witbreuk; F J van Kemenade; J A van der Sluijs; E P Jansma; J Rotteveel; B J van Royen Journal: J Child Orthop Date: 2013-03-30 Impact factor: 1.548
Authors: Amie E Hwang; Thomas M Mack; Ann S Hamilton; W James Gauderman; Leslie Bernstein; Myles G Cockburn; John Zadnick; Kristin A Rand; John L Hopper; Wendy Cozen Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2013-04-12 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Cari M Kitahara; Michael Gamborg; Preetha Rajaraman; Thorkild I A Sørensen; Jennifer L Baker Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2014-09-09 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Shlomit Radom-Aizik; Frank P Zaldivar; Dwight M Nance; Fadia Haddad; Dan M Cooper; Gregory R Adams Journal: Clin Transl Sci Date: 2018-03-30 Impact factor: 4.689