PURPOSE: A high fat Western diet and sedentary lifestyle may predispose men to prostate cancer through changes in serum hormones and growth factors. We evaluated the effect of a low fat diet on serum factors affecting prostate cancer cell growth by performing a prospective, randomized dietary intervention trial in men with prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We randomized 18 men with prostate cancer who did not receive prior therapy to a low fat (15% kcal), high fiber, soy protein supplemented diet or a Western (40% kcal fat) diet for 4 weeks. Fasting serum was collected at baseline and after the intervention to measure prostate specific antigen, sex hormones, insulin, insulin-like growth factor I and II, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, lipids and fatty acids. LNCaP cells (ATCC(R)) were cultured in medium containing pre-intervention and post-intervention human serum to assess the in vitro effect of the diet on prostate cancer cell proliferation. RESULTS: Subjects in each group were highly compliant with the dietary intervention. Serum from men in the low fat group significantly decreased the growth of LNCaP cells relative to Western diet serum (p = 0.03). There were no significant between group changes in serum prostate specific antigen, sex hormones, insulin, insulin-like growth factor I and II, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Serum triglyceride and linoleic acid (omega-6) levels were decreased in the low fat group (p = 0.034 and 0.005, respectively). Correlation analysis revealed that decreased omega-6 and increased omega-3 fatty acid correlated with decreased serum stimulated LNCaP cell growth (r = 0.64, p = 0.004 and r = -0.49, p = 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective, randomized dietary intervention trial a low fat diet resulted in changes in serum fatty acid levels that were associated with decreased human LNCaP cancer cell growth. Further prospective trials are indicated to evaluate the potential of low fat diets for prostate cancer prevention and treatment.
RCT Entities:
PURPOSE: A high fat Western diet and sedentary lifestyle may predispose men to prostate cancer through changes in serum hormones and growth factors. We evaluated the effect of a low fat diet on serum factors affecting prostate cancer cell growth by performing a prospective, randomized dietary intervention trial in men with prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We randomized 18 men with prostate cancer who did not receive prior therapy to a low fat (15% kcal), high fiber, soy protein supplemented diet or a Western (40% kcal fat) diet for 4 weeks. Fasting serum was collected at baseline and after the intervention to measure prostate specific antigen, sex hormones, insulin, insulin-like growth factor I and II, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, lipids and fatty acids. LNCaP cells (ATCC(R)) were cultured in medium containing pre-intervention and post-intervention human serum to assess the in vitro effect of the diet on prostate cancer cell proliferation. RESULTS: Subjects in each group were highly compliant with the dietary intervention. Serum from men in the low fat group significantly decreased the growth of LNCaP cells relative to Western diet serum (p = 0.03). There were no significant between group changes in serum prostate specific antigen, sex hormones, insulin, insulin-like growth factor I and II, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Serum triglyceride and linoleic acid (omega-6) levels were decreased in the low fat group (p = 0.034 and 0.005, respectively). Correlation analysis revealed that decreased omega-6 and increased omega-3 fatty acid correlated with decreased serum stimulated LNCaP cell growth (r = 0.64, p = 0.004 and r = -0.49, p = 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective, randomized dietary intervention trial a low fat diet resulted in changes in serum fatty acid levels that were associated with decreased humanLNCaPcancer cell growth. Further prospective trials are indicated to evaluate the potential of low fat diets for prostate cancer prevention and treatment.
Authors: Allan J Pantuck; John T Leppert; Nazy Zomorodian; William Aronson; Jenny Hong; R James Barnard; Navindra Seeram; Harley Liker; Hejing Wang; Robert Elashoff; David Heber; Michael Aviram; Louis Ignarro; Arie Belldegrun Journal: Clin Cancer Res Date: 2006-07-01 Impact factor: 12.531
Authors: Naoko Kobayashi; R James Barnard; Susanne M Henning; David Elashoff; Srinivasa T Reddy; Pinchas Cohen; Pak Leung; Jenny Hong-Gonzalez; Stephen J Freedland; Jonathan Said; Dorina Gui; Navindra P Seeram; Laura M Popoviciu; Dilprit Bagga; David Heber; John A Glaspy; William J Aronson Journal: Clin Cancer Res Date: 2006-08-01 Impact factor: 12.531
Authors: P A Godley; M K Campbell; P Gallagher; F E Martinson; J L Mohler; R S Sandler Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 1996-11 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Dean Ornish; Gerdi Weidner; William R Fair; Ruth Marlin; Elaine B Pettengill; Caren J Raisin; Stacey Dunn-Emke; Lila Crutchfield; F Nicholas Jacobs; R James Barnard; William J Aronson; Patricia McCormac; Damien J McKnight; Jordan D Fein; Ann M Dnistrian; Jeanmaire Weinstein; Tung H Ngo; Nancy R Mendell; Peter R Carroll Journal: J Urol Date: 2005-09 Impact factor: 7.450
Authors: J M Chan; M J Stampfer; E Giovannucci; P H Gann; J Ma; P Wilkinson; C H Hennekens; M Pollak Journal: Science Date: 1998-01-23 Impact factor: 47.728
Authors: Michael F Leitzmann; Meir J Stampfer; Dominique S Michaud; Katarina Augustsson; Graham C Colditz; Walter C Willett; Edward L Giovannucci Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2004-07 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: E Giovannucci; E B Rimm; G A Colditz; M J Stampfer; A Ascherio; C G Chute; C C Chute; W C Willett Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 1993-10-06 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: Ashley Orillion; Nur P Damayanti; Li Shen; Remi Adelaiye-Ogala; Hayley Affronti; May Elbanna; Sreenivasulu Chintala; Michael Ciesielski; Luigi Fontana; Chinghai Kao; Bennett D Elzey; Timothy L Ratliff; David E Nelson; Dominic Smiraglia; Scott I Abrams; Roberto Pili Journal: Clin Cancer Res Date: 2018-09-06 Impact factor: 12.531
Authors: Shannon M Christy; Catherine E Mosher; Richard Sloane; Denise C Snyder; David F Lobach; Wendy Demark-Wahnefried Journal: J Am Diet Assoc Date: 2011-12
Authors: John V Heymach; Terry J Shackleford; Hai T Tran; Suk-Young Yoo; Kim-Anh Do; Melanie Wergin; Pierre Saintigny; Robin T Vollmer; Thomas J Polascik; Denise C Snyder; Mack T Ruffin; Shaoyu Yan; Mark Dewhirst; Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara; Bharat B Aggarwal; Wendy Demark-Wahnefried Journal: Cancer Prev Res (Phila) Date: 2011-07-15
Authors: Jue Wang; Amy Trentham-Dietz; Jocelyn D C Hemming; Curtis J Hedman; Brian L Sprague Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2013-04-15 Impact factor: 4.254