OBJECTIVE: To describe dietary carbohydrate intakes and their food sources among 27 centres in 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. METHODS: Between 1995 and 2000, 36 034 subjects, aged between 35-74 years, were administered a standardized, 24-h dietary recall using a computerized interview software programme (EPIC-SOFT). Intakes (g/day) of total carbohydrate, sugars, starch and fibre were estimated using the standardized EPIC Nutrient Database (ENDB). Mean intakes were adjusted for age, total energy intake, height and weight, and were weighted by season and day of recall. RESULTS: Adjusted mean total carbohydrate intakes were highest in Italy and in the UK health-conscious cohort, and were lowest in Spain, Greece and France. Total fibre intakes were highest in the UK health-conscious cohort and lowest in Sweden and the UK general population. Bread contributed the highest proportion of carbohydrates (mainly starches) in every centre. Fruit consumption contributed a greater proportion of total carbohydrates (mainly sugars) among women than among men, and in southern centres compared with northern centres. Bread, fruits and vegetables represented the largest sources of fibre, but food sources varied considerably between centres. In stratified analyses, carbohydrate intakes tended to be higher among subjects who were physically active, never-smokers or non-drinkers of alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary carbohydrate intakes and in particular their food sources varied considerably between these 10 European countries. Intakes also varied according to gender and lifestyle factors. These data will form the basis for future aetiological analyses of the role of dietary carbohydrates in influencing health and disease.
OBJECTIVE: To describe dietary carbohydrate intakes and their food sources among 27 centres in 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. METHODS: Between 1995 and 2000, 36 034 subjects, aged between 35-74 years, were administered a standardized, 24-h dietary recall using a computerized interview software programme (EPIC-SOFT). Intakes (g/day) of total carbohydrate, sugars, starch and fibre were estimated using the standardized EPIC Nutrient Database (ENDB). Mean intakes were adjusted for age, total energy intake, height and weight, and were weighted by season and day of recall. RESULTS: Adjusted mean total carbohydrate intakes were highest in Italy and in the UK health-conscious cohort, and were lowest in Spain, Greece and France. Total fibre intakes were highest in the UK health-conscious cohort and lowest in Sweden and the UK general population. Bread contributed the highest proportion of carbohydrates (mainly starches) in every centre. Fruit consumption contributed a greater proportion of total carbohydrates (mainly sugars) among women than among men, and in southern centres compared with northern centres. Bread, fruits and vegetables represented the largest sources of fibre, but food sources varied considerably between centres. In stratified analyses, carbohydrate intakes tended to be higher among subjects who were physically active, never-smokers or non-drinkers of alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary carbohydrate intakes and in particular their food sources varied considerably between these 10 European countries. Intakes also varied according to gender and lifestyle factors. These data will form the basis for future aetiological analyses of the role of dietary carbohydrates in influencing health and disease.
Authors: Isabelle Romieu; Pietro Ferrari; Veronique Chajès; Jordi de Batlle; Carine Biessy; Chiara Scoccianti; Laure Dossus; Marie Christine Boutron; Nadia Bastide; Kim Overvad; Anja Olsen; Anne Tjønneland; Rudolf Kaaks; Heiner Boeing; Antonia Trichopoulou; Pagona Lagiou; Dimitrios Trichopoulos; Domenico Palli; Sabina Sieri; Rosario Tumino; Paolo Vineis; Salvatore Panico; H B As Bueno-de-Mesquita; Carla H Gils; Petra H Peeters; Eiliv Lund; Guri Skeie; Elisabete Weiderpass; J Ramón Quirós; María-Dolores Chirlaque; Eva Ardanaz; María-José Sánchez; Eric J Duell; Pilar Amiano Etxezarreta; Signe Borgquist; Göran Hallmans; Ingegerd Johansson; Lena Maria Nilsson; Kay-Tee Khaw; Nick Wareham; Timothy J Key; Ruth C Travis; Neil Murphy; Petra A Wark; Elio Riboli Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2017-01-15 Impact factor: 7.396
Authors: Raul Zamora-Ros; Virginie Béraud; Silvia Franceschi; Valerie Cayssials; Konstantinos K Tsilidis; Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault; Elisabete Weiderpass; Kim Overvad; Anne Tjønneland; Anne K Eriksen; Fabrice Bonnet; Aurélie Affret; Verena Katzke; Tilman Kühn; Heiner Boeing; Antonia Trichopoulou; Elisavet Valanou; Anna Karakatsani; Giovanna Masala; Sara Grioni; Maria Santucci de Magistris; Rosario Tumino; Fulvio Ricceri; Guri Skeie; Christine L Parr; Susana Merino; Elena Salamanca-Fernández; Maria-Dolores Chirlaque; Eva Ardanaz; Pilar Amiano; Martin Almquist; Isabel Drake; Joakim Hennings; Maria Sandström; H B As Bueno-de-Mesquita; Petra H Peeters; Kay-Thee Khaw; Nicholas J Wareham; Julie A Schmidt; Aurora Perez-Cornago; Dagfinn Aune; Elio Riboli; Nadia Slimani; Augustin Scalbert; Isabelle Romieu; Antonio Agudo; Sabina Rinaldi Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2017-07-24 Impact factor: 7.396
Authors: Neil Murphy; Teresa Norat; Pietro Ferrari; Mazda Jenab; Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita; Guri Skeie; Christina C Dahm; Kim Overvad; Anja Olsen; Anne Tjønneland; Françoise Clavel-Chapelon; Marie Christine Boutron-Ruault; Antoine Racine; Rudolf Kaaks; Birgit Teucher; Heiner Boeing; Manuela M Bergmann; Antonia Trichopoulou; Dimitrios Trichopoulos; Pagona Lagiou; Domenico Palli; Valeria Pala; Salvatore Panico; Rosario Tumino; Paolo Vineis; Peter Siersema; Franzel van Duijnhoven; Petra H M Peeters; Anette Hjartaker; Dagrun Engeset; Carlos A González; Maria-José Sánchez; Miren Dorronsoro; Carmen Navarro; Eva Ardanaz; José R Quirós; Emily Sonestedt; Ulrika Ericson; Lena Nilsson; Richard Palmqvist; Kay-Tee Khaw; Nick Wareham; Timothy J Key; Francesca L Crowe; Veronika Fedirko; Petra A Wark; Shu-Chun Chuang; Elio Riboli Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-06-22 Impact factor: 3.240