Role of infections in the induction and development of asthma: genetic and inflammatory drivers.

Genetic and environmental factors interact to initiate and even maintain the course of asthma. As one of the highly risky environmental factors, infections in predisposed individuals can promote asthma development and exacerbations and/or prolong symptoms. This review will describe our current understanding of the genetic markers of innate immunity in the induction and development of asthma, the diverse roles of infections in modulating allergic inflammation, host susceptibility to infections and subsequent acute exacerbations in an allergic setting, and the therapeutic or preventive implications of existing knowledge. Current challenges and future directions in basic and clinical research of asthma are also discussed.