Effect of human peripheral monocyte subsets on coronary flow reserve in infarct-related artery in patients with primary anterior acute myocardial infarction.

1. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between relative levels of specific peripheral monocyte subsets and coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) during the subacute phase in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). 2. The study was performed on 29 patients with primary anterior AMI who had been successfully treated using primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Two monocyte subsets (CD14(+)CD16(-) and CD14(+)CD16(+)) were measured by flow cytometry. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography was used to measure CFVR on Days 4 and 7 after the onset of AMI onset. We defined DeltaCFVR as the difference in CFVR values between Days 4 and 7. The extent of myocardial salvage on Day 7 after AMI was evaluated by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging as the difference between the area of myocardium at risk and the area of necrotic myocardium. 3. There was a significant negative correlation between DeltaCFVR and peak CD14(+)CD16(-) monocyte counts in AMI patients, whereas no significant association was found between CD14(+)CD16(+) monocyte counts and DeltaCFVR. There was a significant positive correlation between DeltaCFVR and the extent of myocardial salvage. 4. In conclusion, peak levels of CD14(+)CD16(-) monocytes following primary anterior AMI were closely related to the extent of microvascular injury.