Professional liability in a pediatric emergency department.

The risk of professional liability resulting from care given in the pediatric emergency department is a growing concern. This retrospective study examined the patients, diagnoses, and outcome of all threatened and actual claims that originated in the emergency department of a pediatric teaching hospital from 1977 through 1988. Twenty-five cases were identified by the hospital risk manager from approximately 320,000 visits (8.0 cases/100,000 visits); 22 charts were available for review. Ages of the patients ranged from 2 weeks to 13 years (mean 2.9 years, median 3.0 years). The patients' payment status was private insurance (n = 10), state public aid (n = 5), and no third-party payment source was listed for 7 children. Ten patients (46%) visited the emergency department between midnight and 8:00 AM, when an attending physician was not present. Return visits within 2 weeks for the same complaint occurred in 10 cases. The majority of the patients were discharged home (n = 18), and all of them had appropriate, adequately documented discharge instructions. The final diagnoses fell into four general categories: minor trauma/abuse (n = 7), neoplasms/chronic illnesses (n = 7), infectious diseases (n = 6), and appendicitis (n = 2). Review of the charts before knowledge of the legal outcome raised quality-of-care issues in 41% of the cases (n = 9).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)