STUDIES ON THE BIOGENESIS OF SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM MEMBRANES IN LIVERS OF PHENOBARBITAL-TREATED RATS : I. The Site of Activity of Acyltransferases Involved in Synthesis of the Membrane Phospholipid.

The localization of acyltransferases involved in acylation of alpha-glycerophosphate, during phenobarbital induced proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ser) membranes, has been investigated using cytochemical and cell fractionation techniques. In cytochemical studies of normal rat liver, reaction product marking acyltransferase activity was associated to the greatest extent with the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer) membranes and to a lesser extent with ser membranes. In liver from phenobarbital-treated rats, reaction product was largely restricted to ser membranes. The specific activity of the acyltransferases of rough microsomes from normal rat liver was higher than that of the smooth microsomes. On injection of phenobarbital, this fell rapidly after three injections to a low level, at which it remained during subsequent treatment. The specific activity of the smooth microsomes, on injection of phenobarbital, rose to a peak 12 hr after the first injection, after which it fell to a level at an activity above that of smooth microsomes of normal liver. A mechanism is postulated for the biogenesis of smooth membranes in which the phospholipid is synthesized in situ and the protein is synthesized in the rer and moves to the site of newly synthesized phospholipid, where it is inserted to produce a whole membrane.