Use of ultrasound in the ICU.

Echography has developed as an indispensable tool in diagnosis and subsequent therapy in the critically ill. Although pulmonary and abdominal ultrasounds play a major role in their management, this article will discuss the advantages and indications of echocardiography in the intensive care unit (ICU). The assessment of morphological abnormalities, left or right ventricular malfunction, pulmonary arterial hypertension and valvular dysfunctions is a routine indication of echocardiography. Actually, besides contractility, several preload and even afterload indicators can also be assessed. In short, this bedside tool rapidly provides insight in the haemodynamics without invasive pressure estimations.