Prophylaxis of invasive mycoses in solid organ transplantation.

Solid organ transplantation is emerging as a lifesaving procedure for increasing numbers of patients, and invasive fungal infections are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity for patients undergoing such procedures. Risks for developing these infections are continuing to evolve, leading to shifts in the epidemiology of invasive mycoses occurring after transplantation. Targeting preventive efforts to select solid organ transplantation groups at highest risk for invasive fungal infections is critical to optimizing prophylaxis strategies. The epidemiology of posttransplantation fungal infections, antifungal drug interactions and side effects, and new diagnostic capabilities should be considered when choosing an approach to antifungal prophylaxis for this population.