Identification and field bioassays of the sex pheromone of Synanthedon haitangvora.

Two major components from pheromone gland extracts of Synanthedon haitangvora females were identified as (Z,Z)-3,13-octadecadienyl acetate (Z3,Z13-18:OAc) and (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadienyl acetate (E2,Z13-18:OAc), and the average ratio of these components was about 1:1. Seven minor components, (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate (Z9-16:OAc), (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:OAc), (Z)-9-octadecenyl acetate (Z9-18:OAc), (Z)-13-octadecenyl acetate (Z13-18:OAc), (E,Z)-3,13-octadecadienyl acetate (E3,Z13-18:OAc), (Z,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol (Z3,Z13-18:OH), and (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol (E2,Z13-18:OH), also were identified from gland extracts. Field tests showed that male S. haitangvora were attracted to Z3,Z13-18:OAc alone, but the maximum number of males was attracted to the binary blend of Z3,Z13-18:OAc and E2,Z13-18:OAc mimicking the blend found in female extracts. The addition of minor components to a 1:1 blend of Z3,Z13-18:OAc and E2,Z13-18:OAc did not increase the numbers of moths captured. The only significant effect of minor components was the strong inhibitory effect of adding Z3,Z13-18:OH to the primary binary blend. Increasing doses of the optimum pheromone blend in the lures from 0.1 to 2.0 mg increased trap catches of male S. haitangvora.