[Reactive oxygen species in regulation of cell migration. The role of thioredoxin reductase].

It is generally accepted that reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signalling molecules and regulate various physiological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and migration. The initiation and proper functioning of several signalling pathways leading to the effective motility rely on the action of several growth factors and cytokines, which induce generation of ROS, among others by NADPH oxidase. ROS modify the activity of several key enzymes, resulting in the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton, adhesion and stimulation of migration. There is an evidence that ROS can oxidase such critical target molecules as PKC, MAPK, PI3K, tyrosine phospatases (PTPs) and PTEN. In this review, some ROS-dependent transduction pathways, involved in regulation of cell migration are discussed. Moreover, the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system, which is responsible for reduction of oxidised proteins has been described and some data concerning the effect of thioredoxin reductase on the regulation of PKC-dependent cell motility have been presented.