Scott A Lear1, Simi Kohli, Gregory P Bondy, André Tchernof, Allan D Sniderman. 1. Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University Harbor Centre Campus, 515 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6B 5K3. slear@providencehealth.bc.ca
Abstract
CONTEXT: Body fat distribution varies among different ethnic groups, yet less is known regarding differences in lean mass and how this may affect insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to compare total body fat to lean mass ratio (F:LM) in Aboriginal, Chinese, European, and South Asian individuals with differences in insulin resistance. PARTICIPANTS, DESIGN, AND SETTING: Aboriginal (196), Chinese (222), European (202), and South Asian (208) individuals were recruited across a range of body mass index to participate in this cross-sectional community study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total body fat, lean mass, and insulin resistance were assessed using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). RESULTS: After adjustment for confounders and at a given body fat, South Asian men had less lean mass than Aboriginal [3.42 kg less; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.55-5.29], Chinese (3.01 kg less; 95% CI = 1.33-4.70), and European (3.57 kg less; 95% CI = 1.82-5.33) men, whereas South Asian women had less lean mass than Aboriginal (1.98 kg less; 95% CI = 0.45-3.50), Chinese (2.24 kg less; 95% CI = 0.81-3.68), and European (2.97 kg less; 95% CI = 1.67-4.27) women. In adjusted models, F:LM was higher in South Asian compared with Chinese and European men and higher in South Asian compared with Aboriginal, Chinese, and European women (P < 0.01 for all). Insulin and HOMA were greatest in South Asians after adjustment; however, these differences were no longer apparent when F:LM was considered. CONCLUSIONS: South Asians have a phenotype of high fat mass and low lean mass, which may account for greater levels of insulin and HOMA compared with other ethnic groups.
CONTEXT: Body fat distribution varies among different ethnic groups, yet less is known regarding differences in lean mass and how this may affect insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to compare total body fat to lean mass ratio (F:LM) in Aboriginal, Chinese, European, and South Asian individuals with differences in insulin resistance. PARTICIPANTS, DESIGN, AND SETTING: Aboriginal (196), Chinese (222), European (202), and South Asian (208) individuals were recruited across a range of body mass index to participate in this cross-sectional community study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total body fat, lean mass, and insulin resistance were assessed using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). RESULTS: After adjustment for confounders and at a given body fat, South Asian men had less lean mass than Aboriginal [3.42 kg less; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.55-5.29], Chinese (3.01 kg less; 95% CI = 1.33-4.70), and European (3.57 kg less; 95% CI = 1.82-5.33) men, whereas South Asian women had less lean mass than Aboriginal (1.98 kg less; 95% CI = 0.45-3.50), Chinese (2.24 kg less; 95% CI = 0.81-3.68), and European (2.97 kg less; 95% CI = 1.67-4.27) women. In adjusted models, F:LM was higher in South Asian compared with Chinese and European men and higher in South Asian compared with Aboriginal, Chinese, and European women (P < 0.01 for all). Insulin and HOMA were greatest in South Asians after adjustment; however, these differences were no longer apparent when F:LM was considered. CONCLUSIONS: South Asians have a phenotype of high fat mass and low lean mass, which may account for greater levels of insulin and HOMA compared with other ethnic groups.
Authors: D J Cuthbertson; T Steele; J P Wilding; J C Halford; J A Harrold; M Hamer; F Karpe Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2017-01-12 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Elena Flowers; Feng Lin; Namratha R Kandula; Matthew Allison; Jeffrey J Carr; Jingzhong Ding; Ravi Shah; Kiang Liu; David Herrington; Alka M Kanaya Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2019-02-22 Impact factor: 19.112