BACKGROUND: Despite evidence showing anxiety to be a negative emotion that can be accompanied by various psychological and somatic complaints, previous studies have rarely considered these two components of anxiety separately in relation to coronary heart disease (CHD) events. This study aims to examine the extent to which the psychological and somatic components of anxiety are predictive of CHD. METHODS: This is a prospective population-based cohort study of 24,128 participants (9830 men, 14,298 women) aged 20 to 54 years. Psychological and somatic symptoms were assessed at study baseline in 1998. Fatal and nonfatal CHD events during the following 7 years were documented from data on hospitalizations from the National Hospital Discharge Register and mortality records from the Statistics Finland Register. RESULTS: In men, unadjusted hazard ratios for CHD per one unit increase in mean score were 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-1.87) for somatic symptoms and 1.04 (95% CI, .85-1.29) for psychological symptoms. After serial adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, biobehavioral risk factors, and clinically significant symptoms of depression, these associations were completely attenuated. In women, the corresponding unadjusted hazard ratios were 2.25 (95% CI, 1.66-3.06) and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.12-2.13), respectively. The corresponding fully adjusted hazard ratios were 1.47 (95% CI, 1.04-2.06) and 1.24 (95% CI, .91-1.70). CONCLUSIONS: Somatic symptoms of anxiety were robustly associated with an increased risk of CHD in women. This finding lends support to the physiological pathway for the association between psychological factors, anxiety in particular, and CHD. 2010 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: Despite evidence showing anxiety to be a negative emotion that can be accompanied by various psychological and somatic complaints, previous studies have rarely considered these two components of anxiety separately in relation to coronary heart disease (CHD) events. This study aims to examine the extent to which the psychological and somatic components of anxiety are predictive of CHD. METHODS: This is a prospective population-based cohort study of 24,128 participants (9830 men, 14,298 women) aged 20 to 54 years. Psychological and somatic symptoms were assessed at study baseline in 1998. Fatal and nonfatal CHD events during the following 7 years were documented from data on hospitalizations from the National Hospital Discharge Register and mortality records from the Statistics Finland Register. RESULTS: In men, unadjusted hazard ratios for CHD per one unit increase in mean score were 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-1.87) for somatic symptoms and 1.04 (95% CI, .85-1.29) for psychological symptoms. After serial adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, biobehavioral risk factors, and clinically significant symptoms of depression, these associations were completely attenuated. In women, the corresponding unadjusted hazard ratios were 2.25 (95% CI, 1.66-3.06) and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.12-2.13), respectively. The corresponding fully adjusted hazard ratios were 1.47 (95% CI, 1.04-2.06) and 1.24 (95% CI, .91-1.70). CONCLUSIONS: Somatic symptoms of anxiety were robustly associated with an increased risk of CHD in women. This finding lends support to the physiological pathway for the association between psychological factors, anxiety in particular, and CHD. 2010 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors: Ronald C Kessler; Patricia Berglund; Olga Demler; Robert Jin; Kathleen R Merikangas; Ellen E Walters Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2005-06
Authors: J M Rapola; J Virtamo; P Korhonen; J Haapakoski; A M Hartman; B K Edwards; O P Heinonen Journal: Eur J Epidemiol Date: 1997-02 Impact factor: 8.082
Authors: Katherine J Ameringer; Chih-Ping Chou; Steve Sussman; Jennifer B Unger; Adam M Leventhal Journal: J Psychopathol Behav Assess Date: 2014-10-10
Authors: Robert S Wilson; Patricia A Boyle; Steven R Levine; Lei Yu; Sophia E Anagnos; Aron S Buchman; Julie A Schneider; David A Bennett Journal: Neurology Date: 2012-09-19 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: Jesse C Stewart; Misty A W Hawkins; Tasneem Khambaty; Anthony J Perkins; Christopher M Callahan Journal: Psychosom Med Date: 2016-06 Impact factor: 4.312
Authors: A Dias; E Franco; S Janzer; Nikoloz Koshkelashvili; V Bhalla; Manolo Rubio; Sarah Amanullah; Kathy Hebert; Vincent M Figueredo Journal: Funct Neurol Date: 2016 Jul-Sep
Authors: Elena Salmoirago-Blotcher; Sybil L Crawford; James Carmody; Lawrence Rosenthal; Gloria Yeh; Mary Stanley; Karen Rose; Clifford Browning; Ira S Ockene Journal: Ann Behav Med Date: 2013-10