[Pseudo-arthroses].

Pseudo-arthroses are disorders of fracture healing after conservative or operative treatment of fractures which are older than 6 months. Decisive for a targeted therapy is a differentiation between aseptic and septic or atrophic, oligotrophic or hypertrophic pseudo-arthrosis. The operative principals include revitalization of atrophic bone fragments, stabilizing reosteosynthesis for instability and the treatment of infection by transformation of a septic into a stabilized or aseptic pseudo-arthrosis.