BACKGROUND: Recurrence of ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) late after mitral valve annuloplasty (MVA) is generally believed to be due to continued left ventricular (LV) remodeling. The aim of this study was to determine if other mechanisms could be involved in MR recurrence. METHODS AND RESULTS: Preoperative (10 +/- 11 days), early postoperative (6 +/- 4 days), and late postoperative (1.5 +/- 0.6 years) transthoracic echocardiograms of 26 patients (68 +/- 7 years, 23 male [88%]) who underwent restrictive MVA and coronary artery bypass graft surgery were reviewed. Mitral valve geometry and MR severity were assessed using anterior leaflet and posterior leaflet angles and the anterior leaflet concavity area, defined as the area enclosed between the AL and a line connecting the tip of the leaflet and its basal insertion at the annulus. Recurrent MR (vena contracta > 3 mm) was observed in 10 patients (38.5%). Among the 10 patients with recurrent MR, 5 had significant late postoperative increase in LV end-systolic (preoperative: 66 +/- 27 mL; early postoperative: 61 +/- 11 mL; late postoperative: 89 +/- 30 mL, P = .04) and end-diastolic (preoperative: 122 +/- 39 mL; early postoperative: 108 +/- 22 mL; late postoperative: 139 +/- 39 mL, P = .04) volumes and PL angle (early postoperative: 65 +/- 12 degrees; late postoperative: 77 +/- 8 degrees, P = .04), suggesting that recurrent MR is related to continued adverse LV remodeling and ensuing worsening of leaflet tethering. However, in the remaining 5 patients with recurrent MR, there was no significant change in LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes, but there was a significant increase in anterior leaflet concavity area (early postoperative: 6 +/- 11 mm(2); late postoperative: 50 +/- 3 mm(2), P = .012). CONCLUSION: Although recurrent MR is often associated with continued adverse LV remodeling after restrictive MVA, this mechanism fails to explain all recurrences. In the absence of LV dilatation, recurrent MR might be explained by localized LV remodeling in the vicinity of papillary muscles resulting in increased AL tethering at the bending point.
BACKGROUND: Recurrence of ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) late after mitral valve annuloplasty (MVA) is generally believed to be due to continued left ventricular (LV) remodeling. The aim of this study was to determine if other mechanisms could be involved in MR recurrence. METHODS AND RESULTS: Preoperative (10 +/- 11 days), early postoperative (6 +/- 4 days), and late postoperative (1.5 +/- 0.6 years) transthoracic echocardiograms of 26 patients (68 +/- 7 years, 23 male [88%]) who underwent restrictive MVA and coronary artery bypass graft surgery were reviewed. Mitral valve geometry and MR severity were assessed using anterior leaflet and posterior leaflet angles and the anterior leaflet concavity area, defined as the area enclosed between the AL and a line connecting the tip of the leaflet and its basal insertion at the annulus. Recurrent MR (vena contracta > 3 mm) was observed in 10 patients (38.5%). Among the 10 patients with recurrent MR, 5 had significant late postoperative increase in LV end-systolic (preoperative: 66 +/- 27 mL; early postoperative: 61 +/- 11 mL; late postoperative: 89 +/- 30 mL, P = .04) and end-diastolic (preoperative: 122 +/- 39 mL; early postoperative: 108 +/- 22 mL; late postoperative: 139 +/- 39 mL, P = .04) volumes and PL angle (early postoperative: 65 +/- 12 degrees; late postoperative: 77 +/- 8 degrees, P = .04), suggesting that recurrent MR is related to continued adverse LV remodeling and ensuing worsening of leaflet tethering. However, in the remaining 5 patients with recurrent MR, there was no significant change in LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes, but there was a significant increase in anterior leaflet concavity area (early postoperative: 6 +/- 11 mm(2); late postoperative: 50 +/- 3 mm(2), P = .012). CONCLUSION: Although recurrent MR is often associated with continued adverse LV remodeling after restrictive MVA, this mechanism fails to explain all recurrences. In the absence of LV dilatation, recurrent MR might be explained by localized LV remodeling in the vicinity of papillary muscles resulting in increased AL tethering at the bending point.
Authors: Irving L Kron; Judy Hung; Jessica R Overbey; Denis Bouchard; Annetine C Gelijns; Alan J Moskowitz; Pierre Voisine; Patrick T O'Gara; Michael Argenziano; Robert E Michler; Marc Gillinov; John D Puskas; James S Gammie; Michael J Mack; Peter K Smith; Chittoor Sai-Sudhakar; Timothy J Gardner; Gorav Ailawadi; Xin Zeng; Karen O'Sullivan; Michael K Parides; Roger Swayze; Vinod Thourani; Eric A Rose; Louis P Perrault; Michael A Acker Journal: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Date: 2014-11-06 Impact factor: 5.209
Authors: Annabel M Imbrie-Moore; Yuanjia Zhu; Tabitha Bandy-Vizcaino; Matthew H Park; Robert J Wilkerson; Y Joseph Woo Journal: Ann Biomed Eng Date: 2021-11-03 Impact factor: 4.219
Authors: Daniel Goldstein; Alan J Moskowitz; Annetine C Gelijns; Gorav Ailawadi; Michael K Parides; Louis P Perrault; Judy W Hung; Pierre Voisine; Francois Dagenais; A Marc Gillinov; Vinod Thourani; Michael Argenziano; James S Gammie; Michael Mack; Philippe Demers; Pavan Atluri; Eric A Rose; Karen O'Sullivan; Deborah L Williams; Emilia Bagiella; Robert E Michler; Richard D Weisel; Marissa A Miller; Nancy L Geller; Wendy C Taddei-Peters; Peter K Smith; Ellen Moquete; Jessica R Overbey; Irving L Kron; Patrick T O'Gara; Michael A Acker Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2015-11-09 Impact factor: 91.245