Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase-(PNMT)-like immunoreactivity in the rat parathyroid gland.

A phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase-(PNMT)-immunoreactivity, present without the other catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH), has been previously detected in the central nervous system and in endocrine cells of the islets of Langerhans and the pituitary intermediate lobe of the rat. In the present study a similar PNMT-like immunoreactivity is demonstrated in the rat parathyroid gland. The immunoreactivity was distinctly localized to the cell periphery, and present in all glandular cells. The thyroid gland was negative. In the parathyroid TH- and DBH-immunoreactivity was seen only in vascular nerve fibers; no glandular cells were stained. The functional significance of the PNMT-like immunoreactivity is not known. The absence of TH- and DBH-immunoreactivity and the low level of adrenaline detected in the parathyroid, and the peripheral localization of the immunoreactivity may indicate an alternative enzyme function or the detection of an immunologically related protein common to pancreatic, pituitary and parathyroid endocrine cells.