Trends in vehicular emissions in China's mega cities from 1995 to 2005.

Multiyear inventories of vehicular emissions in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou from 1995 through 2005 have been developed in this paper to study the vehicle emissions trends in China's mega cities during the past decade. The results show that the vehicular emissions of CO, HC, NO(x) and PM(10) have begun to slow their growth rates and perhaps even to decline in recent years due to the implementation of measures to control vehicular emissions in these cities. However, vehicular CO(2) emissions have substantially increased and still continue to grow due to little fuel economy improvement. Passenger cars and large vehicles (including heavy duty trucks and buses) are the major sources of vehicular CO(2) and CO emissions while large vehicles were responsible for nearly 70% and 80% of the vehicular NO(x) and PM(10) emissions in these mega cities. Motorcycles are also important contributors to vehicular emissions in Guangzhou and Shanghai. Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.