PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term cumulative effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes and death in older women. METHODS: We undertook an observational cohort study using UK electronic primary care records in the Doctor's Independent Network (DIN-LINK) database; 9910 women aged 60-89 who started calcium and vitamin D supplementation between 2000 and 2005, with no heart disease or stroke history and who survived disease free for 2 years after supplement initiation were studied. The main outcome was first occurrence of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or death more than 2 years after initiation. RESULTS: In the period from 2 years after supplement initiation, women who had received >600 days supplementation in these first 2 years were no more at risk of MI, stroke or death (hazard ratio 0.82 (0.67-1.01)) compared to women who received < or = 90 days supplementation in the first 2 years. Outcomes in the first 2 years were analysed separately and showed similar baseline risks in our comparison groups. CONCLUSION: Two years after initiation, women who have consistently received supplementation with calcium and vitamin D do not experience more cardiovascular events or deaths than women who received minimal supplementation.
PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term cumulative effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes and death in older women. METHODS: We undertook an observational cohort study using UK electronic primary care records in the Doctor's Independent Network (DIN-LINK) database; 9910 women aged 60-89 who started calcium and vitamin D supplementation between 2000 and 2005, with no heart disease or stroke history and who survived disease free for 2 years after supplement initiation were studied. The main outcome was first occurrence of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or death more than 2 years after initiation. RESULTS: In the period from 2 years after supplement initiation, women who had received >600 days supplementation in these first 2 years were no more at risk of MI, stroke or death (hazard ratio 0.82 (0.67-1.01)) compared to women who received < or = 90 days supplementation in the first 2 years. Outcomes in the first 2 years were analysed separately and showed similar baseline risks in our comparison groups. CONCLUSION: Two years after initiation, women who have consistently received supplementation with calcium and vitamin D do not experience more cardiovascular events or deaths than women who received minimal supplementation.
Authors: M Yaron; V Roach; E Izkhakov; M Ish-Shalom; J Sack; Y Sofer; I Azzam; A Ray; N Stern; K M Tordjman Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2014-03-12 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: W Zhou; L Langsetmo; C Berger; S Poliquin; N Kreiger; S I Barr; S M Kaiser; R G Josse; J C Prior; T E Towheed; T Anastassiades; K S Davison; C S Kovacs; D A Hanley; E A Papadimitropoulos; D Goltzman Journal: J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact Date: 2013-12 Impact factor: 2.041
Authors: E O Billington; S M Bristow; G D Gamble; J A de Kwant; A Stewart; B V Mihov; A M Horne; I R Reid Journal: Osteoporos Int Date: 2016-08-20 Impact factor: 4.507