[First record of Aedes albopictus, vector of arboviruses in the Eparse Islands of the Mozambique Channel and updating of the inventory of Culicidae].

This is the first description of Ae. albopictus in Grande Glorieuse and Juan de Nova, which are two isolated French islands of the Mozambique Channel. The recent introduction of this species is underlined by its absence in the inventories realised between 2000 and 2003. The last severe arbovirus epidemic of chikungunya (2005-2006), vectored by Ae. albopictus, which occurred in the area of the Indian Ocean emphasized the epidemiological role of this vector. So that, notifying its presence might help to target potential exotic arboviruses that could be introduced into the island. Furthermore this study allowed us to update the culicidae inventory, not only with this species, but also with the first observation of Culex sitiens in Europa and the confirmation of Ae. dufouri on this island. In order to determine the different species at the adult and/or at the larval stage, the authors propose keys of identification for mosquito species of the Eparse islands. All the described species on these islands are allochthonous species and some are being a nuisance. Sanitary recommendations together with biological and mechanical controls are proposed in order to reduce the nuisance and to prevent from any new introduction on these islands.