BACKGROUND: A primary component in the development of intimal hyperplasia (IH) in response to vascular injury is basement membrane remodeling. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a major role in this process by degradation of basement membrane proteins, mainly collagen type IV. Vascular injury initiates an inflammatory cascade with the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and C-reactive protein (CRP). We hypothesize serum levels of these elements may serve as biomarkers of the development of IH. METHODS AND RESULTS: At baseline, 2, 7, 10, and 14 days post-balloon angioplasty of the carotid artery, rat tissue samples were stained with Masson trichrome elastin to examine IH. Intima:media ratios (I:M) increased significantly over time postinjury. Serum samples were collected at the time of tissue sampling, and levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, collagen type IV, TNFalpha, IL-1beta, and CRP were assayed using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MMP-2 serum levels at 7, 10, and 14 days postinjury were significantly elevated compared with baseline. Other elements were not significantly elevated. CONCLUSION: Early and persistent elevation in the serum levels of MMP-2 may be a useful biomarker of basement membrane remodeling and the presence of IH. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: A primary component in the development of intimal hyperplasia (IH) in response to vascular injury is basement membrane remodeling. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a major role in this process by degradation of basement membrane proteins, mainly collagen type IV. Vascular injury initiates an inflammatory cascade with the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and C-reactive protein (CRP). We hypothesize serum levels of these elements may serve as biomarkers of the development of IH. METHODS AND RESULTS: At baseline, 2, 7, 10, and 14 days post-balloon angioplasty of the carotid artery, rat tissue samples were stained with Masson trichrome elastin to examine IH. Intima:media ratios (I:M) increased significantly over time postinjury. Serum samples were collected at the time of tissue sampling, and levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, collagen type IV, TNFalpha, IL-1beta, and CRP were assayed using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MMP-2 serum levels at 7, 10, and 14 days postinjury were significantly elevated compared with baseline. Other elements were not significantly elevated. CONCLUSION: Early and persistent elevation in the serum levels of MMP-2 may be a useful biomarker of basement membrane remodeling and the presence of IH. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors: Krzysztof Siemianowicz; Jan Gminski; Malgorzata Goss; Tomasz Francuz; Wirginia Likus; Teresa Jurczak; Wojciech Garczorz Journal: Exp Ther Med Date: 2010-09-29 Impact factor: 2.447
Authors: Eugene S Lee; Qiang Shen; Robert L Pitts; Mingzhang Guo; Mack H Wu; Sue C Sun; Sarah Y Yuan Journal: J Vasc Surg Date: 2011-05-28 Impact factor: 4.268
Authors: Roshan J D'Cruz; Valerie B Sampson; Carly A Askinas; Rebecca A Scott; Karyn G Robinson; Claude A Beaty; Anne M Hesek; Robert E Akins Journal: JVS Vasc Sci Date: 2020-10-21