Alexis C Wood1, Philip Asherson2, Frühling Rijsdijk2, Jonna Kuntsi2. 1. Drs. Asherson, Rijsdijk, Kunsti and Ms. Wood are with King's College London. Electronic address: alexis.wood@iop.kcl.ac.uk. 2. Drs. Asherson, Rijsdijk, Kunsti and Ms. Wood are with King's College London.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Symptoms of overactivity form part of the DSM-IV criteria for the combined or hyperactive-impulsive subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); yet little data exist that would quantify the nature of the overactivity component. We aimed to quantify the ability of four different measures of motion sensor data, taken from actigraphs, and the intraindividual variability (IIV) in these measures, to distinguish ADHD cases from controls. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the degree of shared familial influences on these measures and the ADHD diagnosis. METHOD: Receiver operating characteristic analysis and multivariate structural equation modeling were used on actigraph data collected during a cognitive testing session in a sample of 116 ADHD combined-type probands, 119 of their siblings, and 218 control siblings (age range 6-18 years). RESULTS: Three measures of actigraph data--the number of movements made, the magnitude of these movements, and the IIV in the magnitude of movement--yielded an area under the curve of up to 0.8, indicating an ability to distinguish between cases and controls. The latter two of these measures showed significant shared familial vulnerability with an ADHD diagnosis, with high ADHD-actigraph familial correlations. CONCLUSIONS: The actigraph data support the DSM-IV conceptualization of including overactivity as one of the core features within ADHD combined subtype. The magnitude of movements made, and the IIV of these movements, may be suitable candidates for future molecular genetic studies seeking to identify polymorphisms associated with the risk for ADHD. Further research should investigate if these findings generalize to a more naturalistic, homelike setting.
OBJECTIVE: Symptoms of overactivity form part of the DSM-IV criteria for the combined or hyperactive-impulsive subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); yet little data exist that would quantify the nature of the overactivity component. We aimed to quantify the ability of four different measures of motion sensor data, taken from actigraphs, and the intraindividual variability (IIV) in these measures, to distinguish ADHD cases from controls. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the degree of shared familial influences on these measures and the ADHD diagnosis. METHOD: Receiver operating characteristic analysis and multivariate structural equation modeling were used on actigraph data collected during a cognitive testing session in a sample of 116 ADHD combined-type probands, 119 of their siblings, and 218 control siblings (age range 6-18 years). RESULTS: Three measures of actigraph data--the number of movements made, the magnitude of these movements, and the IIV in the magnitude of movement--yielded an area under the curve of up to 0.8, indicating an ability to distinguish between cases and controls. The latter two of these measures showed significant shared familial vulnerability with an ADHD diagnosis, with high ADHD-actigraph familial correlations. CONCLUSIONS: The actigraph data support the DSM-IV conceptualization of including overactivity as one of the core features within ADHD combined subtype. The magnitude of movements made, and the IIV of these movements, may be suitable candidates for future molecular genetic studies seeking to identify polymorphisms associated with the risk for ADHD. Further research should investigate if these findings generalize to a more naturalistic, homelike setting.
Authors: Yannis Paloyelis; Philip Asherson; Mitul A Mehta; Stephen V Faraone; Jonna Kuntsi Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2010-08-25 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Jonna Kuntsi; Alexis C Wood; Frühling Rijsdijk; Katherine A Johnson; Penelope Andreou; Björn Albrecht; Alejandro Arias-Vasquez; Jan K Buitelaar; Gráinne McLoughlin; Nanda N J Rommelse; Joseph A Sergeant; Edmund J Sonuga-Barke; Henrik Uebel; Jaap J van der Meere; Tobias Banaschewski; Michael Gill; Iris Manor; Ana Miranda; Fernando Mulas; Robert D Oades; Herbert Roeyers; Aribert Rothenberger; Hans-Christoph Steinhausen; Stephen V Faraone; Philip Asherson Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2010-11
Authors: A C Wood; F Rijsdijk; K A Johnson; P Andreou; B Albrecht; A Arias-Vasquez; J K Buitelaar; G McLoughlin; N N J Rommelse; J A Sergeant; E J S Sonuga-Barke; H Uebel; J J van der Meere; T Banaschewski; M Gill; I Manor; A Miranda; F Mulas; R D Oades; H Roeyers; A Rothenberger; H C Steinhausen; S V Faraone; P Asherson; J Kuntsi Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2010-06-04 Impact factor: 7.723