Why so repressed? Turning off transcription during plant growth and development.

To ensure correct patterns of gene expression, eukaryotes use a variety of strategies to repress transcription. The transcriptional regulators mediating this repression can be broadly categorized as either passive or active repressors. While passive repressors rely on mechanisms such as steric hindrance of transcriptional activators to repress gene expression, active repressors display inherent repressive abilities commonly conferred by discrete repression domains. Recent studies have indicated that both categories of regulators function in a variety of plant processes, including hormone signal transduction, developmental pathways, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses.