Late infectious complications after cord blood stem cell transplantation.

The slower engraftment kinetics and impaired immune reconstitution of cord blood stem cell transplant recipients increase the risk of infectious complications. We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent cord blood stem cell transplantation at Roswell Park Cancer Institute for hematological malignancies and who survived beyond day 100 for late infectious events. Among 15 patients who were included in the study, there were 18 episodes of bacteremia, 5 cases of bacterial pneumonia, 9 viral, 4 fungal, and 1 nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. Overall mortality was 60%, with infections contributing in 44% of cases. In conclusion, survival beyond day 100 following cord bloodstem cell transplantation is associated with a considerable risk of infections in our single center experience.