OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: To probe ex vivo the influence of fish oil (FO) on the topical delivery and anti-inflammatory properties of betamethasone dipropionate (BD). MATERIALS OR SUBJECTS: Freshly excised porcine ear skin. TREATMENT: Ointment formulations containing BD + salicylic acid (SA), BD + SA + FO, or base as control, applied to the skin mounted in Franz cells. METHODS: Comparative depth profiling; skin probed by immunohistochemistry for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and by ELISA for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). RESULTS: More BD was obtained in the first 30 layers and the remaining epidermis with BD + SA. However, more penetrants were recovered from the remaining skin treated with BD + SA + FO. Although BD + SA reduced COX-2 expression within the epidermis, greater reduction was observed with BD + SA + FO as indicated by reduced COX-2 expression. FO alone had a comparable effect on the expression of COX-2. Modulation of PGE2 production also supported the anti-inflammatory properties of fish oil, reducing PGE2 levels by an amount comparable to the reduction by BD. Combining FO and BD, however, did not provide the anticipated potentiation effect. CONCLUSIONS: Fish oil enhanced the delivery of BD and SA across skin. Addition of fish oil also enhanced the anti-inflammatory activity of BD, attributed to increased amounts of BD present in the skin and/or the intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity of fish oil.
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: To probe ex vivo the influence of fish oil (FO) on the topical delivery and anti-inflammatory properties of betamethasone dipropionate (BD). MATERIALS OR SUBJECTS: Freshly excised porcine ear skin. TREATMENT: Ointment formulations containing BD + salicylic acid (SA), BD + SA + FO, or base as control, applied to the skin mounted in Franz cells. METHODS: Comparative depth profiling; skin probed by immunohistochemistry for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and by ELISA for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). RESULTS: More BD was obtained in the first 30 layers and the remaining epidermis with BD + SA. However, more penetrants were recovered from the remaining skin treated with BD + SA + FO. Although BD + SA reduced COX-2 expression within the epidermis, greater reduction was observed with BD + SA + FO as indicated by reduced COX-2 expression. FO alone had a comparable effect on the expression of COX-2. Modulation of PGE2 production also supported the anti-inflammatory properties of fish oil, reducing PGE2 levels by an amount comparable to the reduction by BD. Combining FO and BD, however, did not provide the anticipated potentiation effect. CONCLUSIONS: Fish oil enhanced the delivery of BD and SA across skin. Addition of fish oil also enhanced the anti-inflammatory activity of BD, attributed to increased amounts of BD present in the skin and/or the intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity of fish oil.
Authors: Calum T Robb; Henry J McSorley; Jinju Lee; Tomohiro Aoki; Cunjing Yu; Siobhan Crittenden; Anne Astier; Jennifer M Felton; Nicholas Parkinson; Adane Ayele; Richard M Breyer; Stephen M Anderton; Shuh Narumiya; Adriano G Rossi; Sarah E Howie; Emma Guttman-Yassky; Richard B Weller; Chengcan Yao Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Date: 2017-06-03 Impact factor: 10.793