BACKGROUND: Poor cardiovascular fitness (CVF) is a risk factor for obesity, as well as insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. We have previously shown that a school-based fitness curriculum can improve CVF, as well as IR and body composition in obese children. Whether such a program improves CVF, IR, and other health indicators in non-obese children is unresolved. AIM: To determine whether a school-based fitness program improves body composition, CVF, markers of inflammation (e.g. CRP, TNF-alpha, adiponectin), and insulin sensitivity in nonobese children. STUDY DESIGN: 35 non-obese middle school children with body mass index below the 95th percentile for age were enrolled in a 'fitness-oriented' gym class. Children underwent fasting evaluation of insulin, glucose, adiponectin, CRP, TNF-alpha, body composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and maximal VO2 treadmill testing at baseline (prior to the school year) and again at end of the school year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Testing for CVF (maximal VO2 treadmill testing), DXA, and fasting evaluation of insulin, glucose, adiponectin, CRP and TNF-alpha. RESULTS: Children demonstrated a decrease in BMI z-score (-0.14 +/- 0.33, p = 0.02), HOMA-IR (-0.15 +/- 0.35, p = 0.016), and TNF-alpha (-2.55 +/- 1.79 pg/ml, p < 0.001), and an increase in VO2(max) (+1.58 +/- 2.34 ml/kg/min, p < 0.001), adiponectin (+7,553 +/- 11,100 ng/ml, p < 0.001), and muscle mass (+2,282 +/- 1,882.73 g, p < 0.001) after nine months of study. CONCLUSIONS: The school-based fitness oriented curriculum resulted in improved body composition and insulin sensitivity, increased CVF, and decreased inflammation in non-obese children. Combined with prior studies, these data demonstrate that school-based fitness curricula can benefit both obese and non-obese children. Partnerships with schools to promote fitness should be part of a public health approach to improving children's health.
BACKGROUND: Poor cardiovascular fitness (CVF) is a risk factor for obesity, as well as insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. We have previously shown that a school-based fitness curriculum can improve CVF, as well as IR and body composition in obesechildren. Whether such a program improves CVF, IR, and other health indicators in non-obesechildren is unresolved. AIM: To determine whether a school-based fitness program improves body composition, CVF, markers of inflammation (e.g. CRP, TNF-alpha, adiponectin), and insulin sensitivity in nonobese children. STUDY DESIGN: 35 non-obese middle school children with body mass index below the 95th percentile for age were enrolled in a 'fitness-oriented' gym class. Children underwent fasting evaluation of insulin, glucose, adiponectin, CRP, TNF-alpha, body composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and maximal VO2 treadmill testing at baseline (prior to the school year) and again at end of the school year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Testing for CVF (maximal VO2 treadmill testing), DXA, and fasting evaluation of insulin, glucose, adiponectin, CRP and TNF-alpha. RESULTS:Children demonstrated a decrease in BMI z-score (-0.14 +/- 0.33, p = 0.02), HOMA-IR (-0.15 +/- 0.35, p = 0.016), and TNF-alpha (-2.55 +/- 1.79 pg/ml, p < 0.001), and an increase in VO2(max) (+1.58 +/- 2.34 ml/kg/min, p < 0.001), adiponectin (+7,553 +/- 11,100 ng/ml, p < 0.001), and muscle mass (+2,282 +/- 1,882.73 g, p < 0.001) after nine months of study. CONCLUSIONS: The school-based fitness oriented curriculum resulted in improved body composition and insulin sensitivity, increased CVF, and decreased inflammation in non-obesechildren. Combined with prior studies, these data demonstrate that school-based fitness curricula can benefit both obese and non-obesechildren. Partnerships with schools to promote fitness should be part of a public health approach to improving children's health.
Authors: D Jiménez-Pavón; F B Ortega; J Valtueña; J Castro-Piñero; S Gómez-Martínez; M Zaccaria; F Gottrand; D Molnár; M Sjöström; M González-Gross; M J Castillo; L A Moreno; J R Ruiz Journal: Eur J Appl Physiol Date: 2011-11-04 Impact factor: 3.078
Authors: Enio R V Ronque; André O Werneck; Maria R O Bueno; Edilson S Cyrino; Luiz C R Stanganelli; Miguel Arruda Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-02-06 Impact factor: 3.240