BACKGROUND: Although the consequences of bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are well documented, there are no data on the impact of post-PCI anemia (PPA) on clinical outcomes. METHODS: We evaluated the incidence, predictors, and prognostic implications of PPA on clinical outcomes in 1415 PCI procedures. We compared clinical outcomes of patients with PPA (ie, nadir post-PCI hemoglobin < 10 gm/dL) vs without PPA. In patients with PPA, we assessed the influence of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI; major or minor) bleeding, drop in hemoglobin by > or = 3 gm/dL, and use of blood transfusions on outcomes. RESULTS: Post-PCI anemia developed in 124 (8.8%) patients. Of these, 50 (40%) suffered TIMI (major or minor) bleeding, 68 (55%) had a hemoglobin drop of > or = 3 gm/dL, and 39 (32%) patients received blood transfusions. Compared to patients without PPA, those with PPA had greater incidence of 6 month death (6.5% vs 1.7 %, p = 0.003), 6 month major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE; death, reinfarction, or target vessel revascularization; 27.3% vs 14.5%, p = 0.0006), and long-term mortality (25.8% vs 8.7 %, p <or= 0.0001). After adjustment for baseline differences, PPA showed an independent association with 6 month MACE (odds ratio [OR]: 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-3.9) and long-term mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.6). In patients who developed PPA, the occurrence of TIMI (major or minor) bleeding, hemoglobin drop of > or = 3 gm/dL, and use of blood transfusions did not impact outcomes. CONCLUSION: We found that PPA is common, occurs frequently in the absence of bleeding or significant drop in hemoglobin, and connotes poor long-term outcomes.
BACKGROUND: Although the consequences of bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are well documented, there are no data on the impact of post-PCI anemia (PPA) on clinical outcomes. METHODS: We evaluated the incidence, predictors, and prognostic implications of PPA on clinical outcomes in 1415 PCI procedures. We compared clinical outcomes of patients with PPA (ie, nadir post-PCI hemoglobin < 10 gm/dL) vs without PPA. In patients with PPA, we assessed the influence of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI; major or minor) bleeding, drop in hemoglobin by > or = 3 gm/dL, and use of blood transfusions on outcomes. RESULTS: Post-PCI anemia developed in 124 (8.8%) patients. Of these, 50 (40%) suffered TIMI (major or minor) bleeding, 68 (55%) had a hemoglobin drop of > or = 3 gm/dL, and 39 (32%) patients received blood transfusions. Compared to patients without PPA, those with PPA had greater incidence of 6 month death (6.5% vs 1.7 %, p = 0.003), 6 month major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE; death, reinfarction, or target vessel revascularization; 27.3% vs 14.5%, p = 0.0006), and long-term mortality (25.8% vs 8.7 %, p <or= 0.0001). After adjustment for baseline differences, PPA showed an independent association with 6 month MACE (odds ratio [OR]: 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-3.9) and long-term mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.6). In patients who developed PPA, the occurrence of TIMI (major or minor) bleeding, hemoglobin drop of > or = 3 gm/dL, and use of blood transfusions did not impact outcomes. CONCLUSION: We found that PPA is common, occurs frequently in the absence of bleeding or significant drop in hemoglobin, and connotes poor long-term outcomes.
Authors: Adam C Salisbury; Karen P Alexander; Kimberly J Reid; Frederick A Masoudi; Saif S Rathore; Tracy Y Wang; Richard G Bach; Steven P Marso; John A Spertus; Mikhail Kosiborod Journal: Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes Date: 2010-05-20
Authors: Adam C Salisbury; Mikhail Kosiborod; Amit P Amin; Kimberly J Reid; Karen P Alexander; John A Spertus; Frederick A Masoudi Journal: Am J Cardiol Date: 2011-07-23 Impact factor: 2.778