Recurrent cerebral arteriovenous malformation in a child : case report and review of the literature.

Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are generally considered to be cured following angiographically proven complete resection. However, rare instances of AVM recurrence have been reported in both children and adults with negative findings on postoperative angiography. The authors present the case of a 12-year-old boy with recurrent AVM. The AVM was originally fed by the pericallosal arteries on both sides, and it showed changing patterns of supply at recurrence. The authors concluded that a negative postoperative angiogram is not necessarily indicative of a cure. Repeat angiography and regular follow-up examinations should be performed to exclude the possibility of recurrence, especially in children.