Analysis of the mechanism for the development of allergic skin inflammation and the application for its treatment: overview of the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis.

It has been recognized that atopic dermatitis (AD) involves allergen-driven Th2 cell polarization. In patients with AD, cytokines induce allergic inflammatory responses and subsequently enhance IgE production. Recent reports revealed that a reduced barrier function as well as altered immunity are fundamental to the development of AD because barrier disruption due to aberrant filaggrin expression is a pathological factor. However, although recent studies have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, the overall pathophysiology remains elusive. I herein discuss it based on the natural history of AD.