Complete remission of multiple recurrent hepatocellular carcinomas by oral administration of enteric-coated tegafur/uracil in a patient with huge hepatocellular carcinoma extending to the inferior vena cava after hepatic resection: analysis of mRNA expression of fluoropyrimidine metabolism enzymes in the primary tumor.

We herein report the complete remission of multiple recurrent hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) by the oral administration of tegafur/uracil (UFT) alone. A 56-year-old Japanese man with two huge HCCs was admitted and underwent hepatic resection. Intraoperative ultrasonography revealed that the tumor thrombus extended to the inferior vena cava (IVC) with a small tumor in the left hepatic lobe. Right trisectionectomy of the liver, removal of the tumor thrombus in the IVC, and partial resection of the left lobe were performed. Microscopic examination revealed that the larger tumor was moderately to poorly differentiated HCC and the smaller tumor was well-differentiated HCC. The small tumor in the left lobe was diagnosed as an intrahepatic metastasis of the larger tumor. Two months after the surgery, computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple HCC recurrences in the remnant liver, but complete remission was achieved by the administration of UFT alone. To clarify the reason for the good response of the recurrent HCC to UFT, the mRNA expression level of several fluoropyrimidine metabolism enzymes was measured in resected specimens. A lower expression of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) might explain the good response to UFT. The patient is alive without intra- or extrahepatic recurrence more than 6 years after the hepatic resection.