ICAM-5 modulates cytokine/chemokine production in the CNS during the course of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection.

Chemokines are important in HSE development in the CNS but underlying regulatory events are unknown. Two-hybrid binding assays identified that intercellular adhesion molecule 5 (ICAM-5), an immune modulator in the CNS, interacted with neurovirulence factor, UOL, of HSV-1. Viral load and interleukin levels were similar in UOL deletion virus (DeltaUOL), and wild type virus infected mouse brains. However, higher numbers of lymphocytes, but unaltered soluble ICAM-5 and chemokine levels were detected in DeltaUOL infected mouse brains. In contrast, lower lymphocyte numbers, reduced soluble ICAM-5, and higher chemokine levels were detected in wild type virus infected brains. Our results suggest that ICAM-5 plays a critical role in modulating chemokine production in the CNS.