OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the relationship between participants' expected levels of pain intensity before a colonoscopy, pain intensity experienced while they were undergoing this medical procedure (real-time pain), and their retrospective evaluation of this experience. DESIGN: Correlational design. Regression analyses were performed and mediational models were tested. METHODS: Ninety patients who were about to undergo a colonoscopy were asked to report the pain intensity on a scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (extreme pain). They reported the expected intensity of pain before the examination, their real-time intensity of pain every 60 s during the colonoscopy, and their global retrospective evaluation of the pain experienced when the procedure was over. RESULTS: Results confirmed that, regardless of participants' gender, the variability of the real-time pain distribution was a significant predictor of the accuracy of recall (i.e. the discrepancy between recalled pain and mean real-time pain). Moreover, participants' pain expectations preceding the examination were a significant predictor of the accuracy of recall. It was further demonstrated that the effect of patients' expectations on the discrepancy was mediated by the real-time pain variability. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study provide useful indications about what the target of interventions aimed at reducing the bias in pain recall should be.
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the relationship between participants' expected levels of pain intensity before a colonoscopy, pain intensity experienced while they were undergoing this medical procedure (real-time pain), and their retrospective evaluation of this experience. DESIGN: Correlational design. Regression analyses were performed and mediational models were tested. METHODS: Ninety patients who were about to undergo a colonoscopy were asked to report the pain intensity on a scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (extreme pain). They reported the expected intensity of pain before the examination, their real-time intensity of pain every 60 s during the colonoscopy, and their global retrospective evaluation of the pain experienced when the procedure was over. RESULTS: Results confirmed that, regardless of participants' gender, the variability of the real-time pain distribution was a significant predictor of the accuracy of recall (i.e. the discrepancy between recalled pain and mean real-time pain). Moreover, participants' pain expectations preceding the examination were a significant predictor of the accuracy of recall. It was further demonstrated that the effect of patients' expectations on the discrepancy was mediated by the real-time pain variability. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study provide useful indications about what the target of interventions aimed at reducing the bias in pain recall should be.
Authors: R Bortolussi; P Zotti; M Matovic; A Morabito; C Bertuzzi; M Caserta; F Fabiani; A Fracasso; C Santantonio; C Zanier; A Roscetti; J Polesel; D Gussetti; S Bedin; A M Colussi; D Fantin Journal: Support Care Cancer Date: 2015-09-16 Impact factor: 3.603
Authors: Lino Becerra; Christopher M Aasted; David A Boas; Edward George; Meryem A Yücel; Barry D Kussman; Peter Kelsey; David Borsook Journal: Pain Date: 2016-04 Impact factor: 7.926
Authors: Elżbieta A Bajcar; Wojciech Swędzioł; Krzysztof Wrześniewski; Jan Blecharz; Przemysław Bąbel Journal: J Pain Res Date: 2022-01-25 Impact factor: 3.133