Literature DB >> 19561721

Images in emergency medicine: traumatic pneumocephalus.

Terence Ahern1, Sean O Henderson.   

Abstract

Entities:  

Year:  2008        PMID: 19561721      PMCID: PMC2672246     

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  West J Emerg Med        ISSN: 1936-900X


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A six-year-old female was evaluated at the Emergency Department after being struck by an automobile driving 15–20 mph through a pedestrian crosswalk. The initial assessment was significant for a blood pressure at 104/72 mm Hg, heart rate at 124 beats per minute, decreased breath sounds in the left chest with agonal respirations, bleeding from right ear and back of head, open eyes, and non-verbal communication. The patient was intubated and a bedside chest x-ray demonstrated a left lung hemopneumothorax that was immediately drained via chest tube. A subsequent CT scan of the head exposed skull fractures and massive pneumocephalus with multiple air bubbles surrounding the brain and within the lateral ventricles. Pneumocephalus has been reported in traumatic and non-traumatic instances; however, trauma accounts for most cases (74%), and its incidence has been estimated between 0.5 and 1.0% of all head injuries.1 The most common traumatic causes include facial bone or cranial fracture with an injury that extends to the dura mater.2 The prognosis is largely related to the type of injury and the number of air bubbles or pockets, but it has been shown that a pneumocephalus with multiple air bubbles is prognostically unfavorable, regardless of the mechanism of injury.3
  3 in total

1.  Massive pneumocephalus after minimal head trauma.

Authors:  Scott C Sherman; Faran Bokhari
Journal:  J Emerg Med       Date:  2003-10       Impact factor: 1.484

2.  Clinical significance of acute traumatic intracranial pneumocephalus.

Authors:  S Keskil; K Baykaner; N Ceviker; S Işik; M Cengel; T Orbay
Journal:  Neurosurg Rev       Date:  1998       Impact factor: 3.042

3.  Acute intracranial pneumocephalus: prognosis and management--a retrospective analysis of 101 cases.

Authors:  W I Steudel; H Hacker
Journal:  Neurosurg Rev       Date:  1989       Impact factor: 3.042

  3 in total

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