OBJECTIVES: To test intervention protocols for feasibility, staff adherence, and effectiveness in reducing pneumonia risk factors (impaired oral hygiene, swallowing difficulty) in nursing home residents. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Two nursing homes. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-two nursing home residents. INTERVENTION: Thirty residents with impaired oral hygiene were randomly assigned to manual oral brushing plus 0.12% chlorhexidine oral rinse at different frequencies daily. Twenty-two residents with swallowing difficulty were randomly assigned to upright feeding positioning, teaching swallowing techniques, or manual oral brushing. All protocols were administered over 3 months. MEASUREMENTS: Feasibility was assessed monthly and defined as high if the protocol took less than 10 minutes to administer. Adherence was assessed weekly and defined as high if full staff adherence was demonstrated in more than 75% of assessments. Effectiveness for improved oral hygiene (reduction in oral plaque score) and swallowing (reduction in cough during swallowing) was compared at baseline and 3 months. RESULTS: Daily manual oral brushing plus 0.12% chlorhexidine rinse demonstrated high feasibility, high staff adherence, and effectiveness in improving oral hygiene (P<.001 vs baseline); this combination administered twice per day showed the highest plaque score reduction. Daily manual oral brushing and upright feeding positioning demonstrated high feasibility, high staff adherence, and effectiveness in improving swallowing. CONCLUSION: Manual oral brushing, 0.12% chlorhexidine oral rinse, and upright feeding positioning demonstrated high feasibility, high staff adherence, and effectiveness in pneumonia risk factor reduction. A protocol combining these components warrants testing for its ability to reduce pneumonia in nursing home residents.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To test intervention protocols for feasibility, staff adherence, and effectiveness in reducing pneumonia risk factors (impaired oral hygiene, swallowing difficulty) in nursing home residents. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Two nursing homes. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-two nursing home residents. INTERVENTION: Thirty residents with impaired oral hygiene were randomly assigned to manual oral brushing plus 0.12% chlorhexidine oral rinse at different frequencies daily. Twenty-two residents with swallowing difficulty were randomly assigned to upright feeding positioning, teaching swallowing techniques, or manual oral brushing. All protocols were administered over 3 months. MEASUREMENTS: Feasibility was assessed monthly and defined as high if the protocol took less than 10 minutes to administer. Adherence was assessed weekly and defined as high if full staff adherence was demonstrated in more than 75% of assessments. Effectiveness for improved oral hygiene (reduction in oral plaque score) and swallowing (reduction in cough during swallowing) was compared at baseline and 3 months. RESULTS: Daily manual oral brushing plus 0.12% chlorhexidine rinse demonstrated high feasibility, high staff adherence, and effectiveness in improving oral hygiene (P<.001 vs baseline); this combination administered twice per day showed the highest plaque score reduction. Daily manual oral brushing and upright feeding positioning demonstrated high feasibility, high staff adherence, and effectiveness in improving swallowing. CONCLUSION: Manual oral brushing, 0.12% chlorhexidine oral rinse, and upright feeding positioning demonstrated high feasibility, high staff adherence, and effectiveness in pneumonia risk factor reduction. A protocol combining these components warrants testing for its ability to reduce pneumonia in nursing home residents.
Authors: Manisha Juthani-Mehta; Peter H Van Ness; Joanne McGloin; Stephanie Argraves; Shu Chen; Peter Charpentier; Laura Miller; Kathleen Williams; Diane Wall; Dorothy Baker; Mary Tinetti; Peter Peduzzi; Vincent J Quagliarello Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2014-12-16 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Manisha Juthani-Mehta; Nathalie De Rekeneire; Heather Allore; Shu Chen; John R O'Leary; Douglas C Bauer; Tamara B Harris; Anne B Newman; Sachin Yende; Robert J Weyant; Stephen Kritchevsky; Vincent Quagliarello Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2013-06-17 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Leonardo Marchini; Erica Recker; Jennifer Hartshorn; Howard Cowen; David Lynch; David Drake; Derek R Blanchette; Deborah V Dawson; Michael Kanellis; Daniel Caplan Journal: Spec Care Dentist Date: 2018-09-08
Authors: Marian C Brady; David J Stott; John Norrie; Campbell Chalmers; Bridget St George; Petrina M Sweeney; Peter Langhorne Journal: Trials Date: 2011-07-05 Impact factor: 2.279