OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and age dependency of senile plaques (SP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), the brain changes characteristic of Alzheimer disease (AD), and their association with apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes in a community-dwelling normal population. METHODS: This neuropathological study used both silver staining and A beta immunohistochemistry in brain tissue microarrays, including SP coverage and NFT counts from frontal cortex and hippocampus, and APOE genotyping, and was performed on a consecutive prospective series of 603 subjects (aged between 0 and 97 years) of an unselected population living outside of institutions. Cases were subjected to autopsy following sudden or unexpected out-of-hospital death, covering 22.1% of the mortality of Tampere, Finland and its surroundings. None died of AD, although 22 (3.7%) were demented and 10 (1.7%) had memory problems. RESULTS: Of the series, 30.8% had SP, and 42.1% had NFT; these occurred more commonly among females and showed a strong relationship with age. Both changes had already appeared at around 30 years of age, reaching an occurrence of almost 100% in the oldest. SP were more frequent in APOE epsilon 4-carriers compared with noncarriers in every age group except the oldest (>90 years). The difference was most evident during the ages 50 to 59 years, where 40.7% of epsilon 4-carriers had SP, compared with 8.2% in noncarriers (odds ratio, 8.39; 95% confidence interval, 2.55-27.62). The difference in NFT prevalence between APOE genotypes was not statistically significant in any age group. INTERPRETATION: The brain changes associated with AD may already begin developing early in middle age, especially among APOE epsilon 4 carriers.
OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and age dependency of senile plaques (SP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), the brain changes characteristic of Alzheimer disease (AD), and their association with apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes in a community-dwelling normal population. METHODS: This neuropathological study used both silver staining and A beta immunohistochemistry in brain tissue microarrays, including SP coverage and NFT counts from frontal cortex and hippocampus, and APOE genotyping, and was performed on a consecutive prospective series of 603 subjects (aged between 0 and 97 years) of an unselected population living outside of institutions. Cases were subjected to autopsy following sudden or unexpected out-of-hospital death, covering 22.1% of the mortality of Tampere, Finland and its surroundings. None died of AD, although 22 (3.7%) were demented and 10 (1.7%) had memory problems. RESULTS: Of the series, 30.8% had SP, and 42.1% had NFT; these occurred more commonly among females and showed a strong relationship with age. Both changes had already appeared at around 30 years of age, reaching an occurrence of almost 100% in the oldest. SP were more frequent in APOE epsilon 4-carriers compared with noncarriers in every age group except the oldest (>90 years). The difference was most evident during the ages 50 to 59 years, where 40.7% of epsilon 4-carriers had SP, compared with 8.2% in noncarriers (odds ratio, 8.39; 95% confidence interval, 2.55-27.62). The difference in NFT prevalence between APOE genotypes was not statistically significant in any age group. INTERPRETATION: The brain changes associated with AD may already begin developing early in middle age, especially among APOE epsilon 4 carriers.
Authors: Gene E Alexander; Kaitlin L Bergfield; Kewei Chen; Eric M Reiman; Krista D Hanson; Lan Lin; Daniel Bandy; Richard J Caselli; James R Moeller Journal: Neurobiol Aging Date: 2012-03-08 Impact factor: 4.673
Authors: Elliott J Mufson; Lester Binder; Scott E Counts; Steven T DeKosky; Leyla de Toledo-Morrell; Stephen D Ginsberg; Milos D Ikonomovic; Sylvia E Perez; Stephen W Scheff Journal: Acta Neuropathol Date: 2011-11-19 Impact factor: 17.088
Authors: Paul R Borghesani; Kurt E Weaver; Elizabeth H Aylward; Anne L Richards; Tara M Madhyastha; Ali R Kahn; Olivia Liang; Rachel L Ellenbogen; M Faisal Beg; K Warner Schaie; Sherry L Willis Journal: Neurobiol Aging Date: 2010-11-12 Impact factor: 4.673
Authors: Susan M Landau; Shawn M Marks; Elizabeth C Mormino; Gil D Rabinovici; Hwamee Oh; James P O'Neil; Robert S Wilson; William J Jagust Journal: Arch Neurol Date: 2012-05
Authors: Angela R Kamer; Elizabeth Pirraglia; Wai Tsui; Henry Rusinek; Shankar Vallabhajosula; Lisa Mosconi; Li Yi; Pauline McHugh; Ronald G Craig; Spencer Svetcov; Ross Linker; Chen Shi; Lidia Glodzik; Schantel Williams; Patricia Corby; Deepak Saxena; Mony J de Leon Journal: Neurobiol Aging Date: 2014-11-05 Impact factor: 4.673