Variable splitting ratio 2 x 2 MMI couplers using multimode waveguide holograms.

Variable power splitting ratio 2x2 MMI couplers using multimode waveguide holograms are analyzed. Theoretical analysis shows that variable splitting ratios can be obtained with surface relief holograms on MMI couplers with fixed dimensions. Devices with paired-imaging lengths are designed on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. Beam propagation simulations are used to verify a matrix theory analysis and to investigate proposed device performance. Fabrication tolerance of the proposed device is also analyzed.