Influence of shot noise on phase measurement accuracy in digital holographic microscopy.

Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) is a single shot interferometric technique, which provides quantitative phase images with subwavelength axial accuracy. A short hologram acquisition time (down to microseconds), allows DHM to offer a reduced sensitivity to vibrations, and real time observation is achievable thanks to present performances of personal computers and charge coupled devices (CCDs). Fast dynamic imaging at low-light level involves few photons, requiring proper camera settings (integration time and gain of the CCD; power of the light source) to minimize the influence of shot noise on the hologram when the highest phase accuracy is aimed. With simulated and experimental data, a systematic analysis of the fundamental shot noise influence on phase accuracy in DHM is presented.