Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in a boy with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an acquired, autoimmune peripheral neuropathy. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic, autoimmune disease that can affect the central nervous system in about 40% of patients, with prevalence and incidence unknown in the pediatric population due to lack of multicenter studies. We report the case of a 13-year-old Mexican boy, diagnosed with CIDP at the onset of SLE, beginning with progressive muscle weakness of lower and upper limbs, without affection of the central nervous system. The patient had positive ANA, antiDNAdc, antiBeta2glycoprotein, anti-cardiolipin, ANCA-C and X. He received intravenous immunoglobulin, cyclophosphamide, steroids, and azathioprine and showed clinical improvement. It is important to take into account the presence of peripheral neurological disorders in patients with pediatric SLE, considering CIDP as an uncommon presentation, making the diagnosis important for better treatment and evolution.