Rashmi Chandra1, Rodger A Liddle. 1. Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The biology of the pancreas is exquisitely complex and involves both endocrine and exocrine functions that are regulated by an integrated array of neural and hormonal processes. This review discusses recent developments in the regulation of both endocrine and exocrine secretion from the pancreas. RECENT FINDINGS: New data suggest that cholecystokinin can stimulate neurons located in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. Addressing a controversial topic, recent evidence suggests a direct secretory action of cholecystokinin on human acinar cells. An emerging concept is that some hormones and peptides such as melatonin, ghrelin, obestatin and leptin perform dual functions in the pancreas by regulating secretion and maintaining metabolic homeostasis. The regulation of pancreatic secretion by several appetite-controlling neuropeptides such as ghrelin, orexin A and neuropeptide Y is also discussed. Recent data highlight findings that mechanisms of hormone action may be different between species possibly due to a divergence in signaling pathways during evolution. SUMMARY: The regulation of the secretory function of the pancreas by numerous hormones suggests that there are multiple and perhaps redundant signals governing the control of this important organ. Understanding these diverse pathways is essential to the treatment of pancreatitis, diabetes and obesity.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The biology of the pancreas is exquisitely complex and involves both endocrine and exocrine functions that are regulated by an integrated array of neural and hormonal processes. This review discusses recent developments in the regulation of both endocrine and exocrine secretion from the pancreas. RECENT FINDINGS: New data suggest that cholecystokinin can stimulate neurons located in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. Addressing a controversial topic, recent evidence suggests a direct secretory action of cholecystokinin on human acinar cells. An emerging concept is that some hormones and peptides such as melatonin, ghrelin, obestatin and leptin perform dual functions in the pancreas by regulating secretion and maintaining metabolic homeostasis. The regulation of pancreatic secretion by several appetite-controlling neuropeptides such as ghrelin, orexin A and neuropeptide Y is also discussed. Recent data highlight findings that mechanisms of hormone action may be different between species possibly due to a divergence in signaling pathways during evolution. SUMMARY: The regulation of the secretory function of the pancreas by numerous hormones suggests that there are multiple and perhaps redundant signals governing the control of this important organ. Understanding these diverse pathways is essential to the treatment of pancreatitis, diabetes and obesity.
Authors: Francisco J Bermúdez-Silva; Juan Suárez Pérez; Angel Nadal; Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca Journal: Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2009-02 Impact factor: 4.690
Authors: G Linari; S Agostini; G Amadoro; M T Ciotti; F Florenzano; G Improta; C Petrella; C Severini; M Broccardo Journal: Pharmacol Res Date: 2008-11-27 Impact factor: 7.658
Authors: Weijing Cai; Ranjala Ratnayake; Michael H Gerber; Qi-Yin Chen; Yichao Yu; Hartmut Derendorf; Jose G Trevino; Hendrik Luesch Journal: Invest New Drugs Date: 2018-08-03 Impact factor: 3.850
Authors: Yalda Zolghadri; Shreoshi Pal Choudhuri; Ozhan Ocal; Somayeh Layeghi-Ghalehsoukhteh; Feaven Berhe; Michael A Hale; Thomas M Wilkie Journal: Am J Pathol Date: 2017-12-15 Impact factor: 4.307
Authors: Anna L Marina; Kristina M Utzschneider; Lorena A Wright; Brenda K Montgomery; Santica M Marcovina; Steven E Kahn Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2012-03-23 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Carolina Alves Nicolau; Alyson Prorock; Yongde Bao; Ana Gisele da Costa Neves-Ferreira; Richard Hemmi Valente; Jay William Fox Journal: Toxins (Basel) Date: 2018-02-06 Impact factor: 4.546