Association of renal damage and oxidative stress in a rat model of metabolic syndrome. Influence of gender.

This study investigated the association between nephropathy and oxidative stress, by measurement of systolic blood pressure, lipid peroxidation, activities of catalase, manganese- and copper-zinc-superoxide dismutase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and concentrations of nitrates/nitrites in kidneys from rats with Metabolic Syndrome. Weaning female or male rats had 30% sucrose to drink for 24 weeks (Metabolic Syndrome). Modulation by sex hormones was investigated by gonadectomy and hormone replacement. In Metabolic Syndrome, Castrated Metabolic Syndrome + Testosterone males and Ovariectomized Metabolic Syndrome females had increased blood pressure, proteinuria and lipid peroxidation. Nitrates/nitrites and activities of catalase, manganese and copper-zinc-superoxide dismutase decreased vs intact Control, Castrated Metabolic Syndrome males, intact Metabolic Syndrome and Ovariectomized Metabolic Syndrome + Estradiol females. The results suggest that sex hormones modulate the activity of superoxide-dismutase, catalase and endothelial nitric oxide-synthase. Ovariectomy decreased the protection against oxidative stress in females; the opposite occurred in castrated males.