Nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on ultrasonic-electrodeposition of bimetallic PtM (M=Ru, Pd and Au) nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes-ionic liquid composite film.

We report here for the first time on the fabrication of highly dispersed PtM (M=Ru, Pd and Au) nanoparticles on composite film of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs)-ionic liquid (IL, i.e., trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) by using ultrasonic-electrodeposition method. The PtM nanoparticles are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, and we find that they are well-dispersed and exhibit alloy properties. Electrochemical experiments show that the PtRu(1:1, i.e., ratio of c(H(2)PtCl(6))/c(RuCl(3)))-MWNT-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (PtRu(1:1)-MWNT-IL/GCE) has smaller electron transfer resistance and larger active surface area than PtRu(1:1)/GCE, PtRu(1:1)-MWNT/GCE, PtPd(1:1)-MWNT-IL/GCE and PtAu(1:1)-MWNT-IL/GCE. The PtRu(1:1)-MWNT-IL/GCE also presents stronger electrocatalytic activity toward the glucose oxidation than other electrodes. At -0.1 V, the electrode responds linearly to glucose up to 15 mM in neutral media, with a detection limit of 0.05 mM (S/N=3) and detection sensitivity of 10.7 microA cm(-2)mM(-1). Meanwhile, the interference of ascorbic acid, uric acid, acetamidophenol and fructose is effectively avoided. The as-made sensor was applied to the determination of glucose in serum and urine samples. The results agreed closely with the results obtained by a hospital. This novel nonenzyme sensor thus has potential application in glucose detection.