Influence of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin on the biodegradation of 14C-phenanthrene and 14C-hexadecane in soil.

Soil was spiked with [9-(14)C]phenanthrene and [1-(14)C]hexadecane at 50 mg kg(-1) and aged for 1, 25, 50, 100 and 250 d. At each time point, the microcosms were amended with aqueous solutions of cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) at a range of concentrations (0-40 mM). Mineralisation assays and aqueous HP-beta-CD extractions were performed to assess the effect of the amendments on microbial degradation. The results showed that amendments had no significant impact on the microbial degradation of either of the (14)C-contaminants. Further, HP-beta-CD extractions were correlated with the mineralisation of the target chemicals in each of the soil conditions. It was found that the HP-beta-CD extraction was able to predict mineralisation in soils which had not been amended with cyclodextrin; however, in the soils containing the HP-beta-CD, there was no predictive relationship. Under the conditions of this study, the introduction of HP-beta-CD into soils did not enhance the biodegradation of the organic contaminants.