Lipins, lipids and nuclear envelope structure.

The lipid composition of biological membranes is crucial for many aspects of organelle function, including growth, signalling, and transport. Lipins represent a novel family of lipid phosphatases that dephosphorylate phosphatidic acid (PA) to produce diacylglycerol (DAG), and perform key functions in phospholipid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis and gene expression. In addition to its role in lipid biosynthesis, the yeast lipin Pah1p and its regulators are required for the maintenance of a spherical nuclear shape. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the yeast lipin Pah1p and highlights the possible roles of phospholipid metabolism in nuclear membrane biogenesis.