Is there a current role for preoperative non-absorbable oral antimicrobial agents for prophylaxis of infection after colorectal surgery?

BACKGROUND: In numerous scientific studies, oral antibiotic bowel preparation has reduced surgical site infections in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. The historical evolution of antibiotic bowel preparation is presented with a review of the scientific basis of its effectiveness.
METHODS: Review of the pertinent English language literature.
RESULTS: Successful oral antibiotic bowel preparation requires effective mechanical preparation. The progressive shift of preoperative preparation to the outpatient setting has led to a reduction in the use of oral antibiotics. Such preparation, however, continues to be effective although in current surgical practice is often augmented with perioperative, parenteral antimicrobials.
CONCLUSION: Oral antibiotic bowel preparation has a role in the prevention of surgical site infection in the patient undergoing colorectal surgery.