BACKGROUND: Isolated antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) is a common serologic finding in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but the outcome and clinical significance are uncertain. METHODS: We performed repeated hepatitis B virus (HBV) serologic tests on women who participated in the Women's Interagency HIV Study and who had isolated anti-HBc at study entry. RESULTS: Repeated serologic tests were performed for 322 women (282 HIV-infected and 40 HIV-uninfected) at a median of 7.5 years after study entry. Seventy-one percent of women retained isolated anti-HBc serologic status, 20% acquired antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), and 2% acquired hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). In unadjusted analysis, increasing age, injection drug use, and hepatitis C viremia were negatively associated with acquisition of anti-HBs. For HIV-infected women, predictors of acquisition of anti-HBs were an increase in CD4 cell count and the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Receipt of drugs with activity against HBV and self-reported HBV vaccination did not predict anti-HBs acquisition. In the multivariable regression model, HAART use remained a significant predictor of anti-HBs acquisition, whereas women with hepatitis C viremia were more likely to retain isolated anti-HBc serologic status. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated anti-HBc status remained stable over time for the majority of women, especially women with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Development of anti-HBs was predicted by HAART use and an increase in CD4 cell count. We conclude that a proportion of HIV-infected women with isolated anti-HBc have prior natural HBV infection with anti-HBs that is at an undetectable level because of immune dysfunction. Isolated anti-HBc in the presence of chronic hepatitis C virus infection may be attributable to a different phenomenon, such as dysfunctional antibody production.
BACKGROUND: Isolated antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) is a common serologic finding in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but the outcome and clinical significance are uncertain. METHODS: We performed repeated hepatitis B virus (HBV) serologic tests on women who participated in the Women's Interagency HIV Study and who had isolated anti-HBc at study entry. RESULTS: Repeated serologic tests were performed for 322 women (282 HIV-infected and 40 HIV-uninfected) at a median of 7.5 years after study entry. Seventy-one percent of women retained isolated anti-HBc serologic status, 20% acquired antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), and 2% acquired hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). In unadjusted analysis, increasing age, injection drug use, and hepatitis C viremia were negatively associated with acquisition of anti-HBs. For HIV-infectedwomen, predictors of acquisition of anti-HBs were an increase in CD4 cell count and the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Receipt of drugs with activity against HBV and self-reported HBV vaccination did not predict anti-HBs acquisition. In the multivariable regression model, HAART use remained a significant predictor of anti-HBs acquisition, whereas women with hepatitis C viremia were more likely to retain isolated anti-HBc serologic status. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated anti-HBc status remained stable over time for the majority of women, especially women with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Development of anti-HBs was predicted by HAART use and an increase in CD4 cell count. We conclude that a proportion of HIV-infectedwomen with isolated anti-HBc have prior natural HBV infection with anti-HBs that is at an undetectable level because of immune dysfunction. Isolated anti-HBc in the presence of chronic hepatitis C virus infection may be attributable to a different phenomenon, such as dysfunctional antibody production.
Authors: M Wiedmann; U G Liebert; U Oesen; H Porst; M Wiese; S Schroeder; U Halm; J Mössner; F Berr Journal: Hepatology Date: 2000-01 Impact factor: 17.425
Authors: N A Hessol; M Schneider; R M Greenblatt; M Bacon; Y Barranday; S Holman; E Robison; C Williams; M Cohen; K Weber Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2001-09-15 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: A Antonelli; C Ferri; M Galeazzi; C Giannitti; D Manno; G Mieli-Vergani; E Menegatti; I Olivieri; M Puoti; C Palazzi; D Roccatello; D Vergani; P Sarzi-Puttini; F Atzeni Journal: Clin Exp Rheumatol Date: 2008 Jan-Feb Impact factor: 4.473
Authors: Donald D Anthony; Nicole L Yonkers; Anthony B Post; Robert Asaad; Frederick P Heinzel; Michael M Lederman; Paul V Lehmann; Hernan Valdez Journal: J Immunol Date: 2004-04-15 Impact factor: 5.422
Authors: Rajesh T Gandhi; Alysse Wurcel; Barbara McGovern; Hang Lee; Janet Shopis; Colleen P Corcoran; Sarah Toner; Christina Giachetti; Janel Dockter; Paul E Sax; Chinweike Ukomadu Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2003-12-01 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: M Augenbraun; J J Goedert; D Thomas; J Feldman; E C Seaberg; A L French; E Robison; M Nowicki; N Terrault Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2003-10-14 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Audrey L French; Anna Hotton; Mary Young; Marek Nowicki; Michael Augenbraun; Kathryn Anastos; Eric Seaberg; William Rosenberg; Marion G Peters Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2016-07-01 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: David C Perlman; Ashly E Jordan; Courtney McKnight; Christopher Young; Kevin L Delucchi; James L Sorensen; Don C Des Jarlais; Carmen L Masson Journal: J Addict Dis Date: 2014
Authors: Amy E Greer; San-San Ou; Ethan Wilson; Estelle Piwowar-Manning; Michael S Forman; Marybeth McCauley; Theresa Gamble; Cholticha Ruangyuttikarn; Mina C Hosseinipour; Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy; Mulinda Nyirenda; Beatriz Grinsztejn; Jose Henrique Pilotto; Natthapol Kosashunhanan; Marineide Gonçalves de Melo; Joseph Makhema; Victor Akelo; Ravindre Panchia; Sharlaa Badal-Faesen; Ying Q Chen; Myron S Cohen; Susan H Eshleman; Chloe L Thio; Alexandra Valsamakis Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2017-12-01 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: Mallory D Witt; Roger J Lewis; Gunter Rieg; Eric C Seaberg; Charles R Rinaldo; Chloe L Thio Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2012-10-22 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Mark H Kuniholm; Edgar Ong; Boris M Hogema; Marco Koppelman; Kathryn Anastos; Marion G Peters; Eric C Seaberg; Yue Chen; Kenrad E Nelson; Jeffrey M Linnen Journal: Hepatology Date: 2016-01-16 Impact factor: 17.425