[Treatment of malignant pericardial effusion].

Malignant pericardial effusion (MPE) presents as a clinical spectrum that ranges from totally asymptomatic to acute cardiac tamponade. Primary malignancies with a propensity for cardiac involvement include lung cancer, breast cancer, and lymphomas. Echocardiography is one of the most specific and sensitive non-invasive tests in the evaluation of MPE. Pericardiocentesis is both a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of MPE. Several non-specific sclerosing agents are available for instillation into the pericardium to prevent a recurrence of pericardial effusion. Mechanical interventions including different surgical approaches are also highly effective. Ultimately, therapy of MPE must be individualized according to the patient's clinical condition and underlying malignancy. The main goal of therapy is to achieve lasting relief from effusion recurrence as quickly and as safely as possible.