BACKGROUND: To assess the prevalence of risk factors as determinants of intracranial atherosclerosis (IATH)-related stroke in a multi-ethnic community-based cohort. METHODS: The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study included a population-based incidence study and a nested case-control study. Incident cases of first ischemic stroke were 1:2 when matched to community controls by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Vascular risk factors were assessed among controls and compared against the following stroke subtypes: IATH, extracranial atherosclerosis (EATH), and non-atherosclerotic (NATH: cardioembolic, lacunar, and cryptogenic). Conditional logistic-regression was used to determine the association between risk factors and stroke subtypes. RESULTS: The crude incidence of IATH was 8/100,000 per year and the relative incidence of IATH was higher than that of EATH in blacks (5.9 vs. 3.2/100,000 per year) and in Hispanics (5.0 vs. 1.7/100,000 per year). The IATH group had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM; 67% IATH, 60% EATH, 48% NATH, and 23% controls; p < 0.05 IATH vs. control) and of metabolic syndrome (62% IATH, 40% EATH, 40% NATH, and 35% controls; p < 0.05 IATH vs. control). In multivariate analysis, DM conferred a higher risk for IATH versus NATH stroke (OR, 10.8; 95% CI, 2.0-57 vs. OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.9-3.9; p < 0.05) and much lower for EATH (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 1.2-32). The metabolic syndrome conferred a higher risk for IATH stroke subtype (OR, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.1-18.7) when compared to EATH (OR, 2.3; CI, 0.6-9.1) and NATH (OR, 2.4; CI, 1.7-3.3). CONCLUSIONS: DM is a more important determinant for IATH-related stroke than EATH or NATH. (c) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.
BACKGROUND: To assess the prevalence of risk factors as determinants of intracranial atherosclerosis (IATH)-related stroke in a multi-ethnic community-based cohort. METHODS: The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study included a population-based incidence study and a nested case-control study. Incident cases of first ischemic stroke were 1:2 when matched to community controls by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Vascular risk factors were assessed among controls and compared against the following stroke subtypes: IATH, extracranial atherosclerosis (EATH), and non-atherosclerotic (NATH: cardioembolic, lacunar, and cryptogenic). Conditional logistic-regression was used to determine the association between risk factors and stroke subtypes. RESULTS: The crude incidence of IATH was 8/100,000 per year and the relative incidence of IATH was higher than that of EATH in blacks (5.9 vs. 3.2/100,000 per year) and in Hispanics (5.0 vs. 1.7/100,000 per year). The IATH group had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM; 67% IATH, 60% EATH, 48% NATH, and 23% controls; p < 0.05 IATH vs. control) and of metabolic syndrome (62% IATH, 40% EATH, 40% NATH, and 35% controls; p < 0.05 IATH vs. control). In multivariate analysis, DM conferred a higher risk for IATH versus NATH stroke (OR, 10.8; 95% CI, 2.0-57 vs. OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.9-3.9; p < 0.05) and much lower for EATH (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 1.2-32). The metabolic syndrome conferred a higher risk for IATH stroke subtype (OR, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.1-18.7) when compared to EATH (OR, 2.3; CI, 0.6-9.1) and NATH (OR, 2.4; CI, 1.7-3.3). CONCLUSIONS:DM is a more important determinant for IATH-related stroke than EATH or NATH. (c) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Authors: John K Ninomiya; Gilbert L'Italien; Michael H Criqui; Joanna L Whyte; Anthony Gamst; Roland S Chen Journal: Circulation Date: 2003-12-15 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Bernadette Boden-Albala; Ralph L Sacco; Hye-Sueng Lee; Cairistine Grahame-Clarke; Tanja Rundek; Mitchell V Elkind; Clinton Wright; Elsa-Grace V Giardina; Marco R DiTullio; Shunichi Homma; Myunghee C Paik Journal: Stroke Date: 2007-12-06 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: Angelo Scuteri; Samer S Najjar; Denis C Muller; Reubin Andres; Hidetaka Hougaku; E Jeffrey Metter; Edward G Lakatta Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2004-04-21 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Cynthia J Girman; Thomas Rhodes; Michele Mercuri; Kalevi Pyörälä; John Kjekshus; Terje R Pedersen; Polly A Beere; Antonio M Gotto; Michael Clearfield Journal: Am J Cardiol Date: 2004-01-15 Impact factor: 2.778
Authors: Morteza Naghavi; Peter Libby; Erling Falk; S Ward Casscells; Silvio Litovsky; John Rumberger; Juan Jose Badimon; Christodoulos Stefanadis; Pedro Moreno; Gerard Pasterkamp; Zahi Fayad; Peter H Stone; Sergio Waxman; Paolo Raggi; Mohammad Madjid; Alireza Zarrabi; Allen Burke; Chun Yuan; Peter J Fitzgerald; David S Siscovick; Chris L de Korte; Masanori Aikawa; K E Juhani Airaksinen; Gerd Assmann; Christoph R Becker; James H Chesebro; Andrew Farb; Zorina S Galis; Chris Jackson; Ik-Kyung Jang; Wolfgang Koenig; Robert A Lodder; Keith March; Jasenka Demirovic; Mohamad Navab; Silvia G Priori; Mark D Rekhter; Raymond Bahr; Scott M Grundy; Roxana Mehran; Antonio Colombo; Eric Boerwinkle; Christie Ballantyne; William Insull; Robert S Schwartz; Robert Vogel; Patrick W Serruys; Goran K Hansson; David P Faxon; Sanjay Kaul; Helmut Drexler; Philip Greenland; James E Muller; Renu Virmani; Paul M Ridker; Douglas P Zipes; Prediman K Shah; James T Willerson Journal: Circulation Date: 2003-10-07 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Jobien K Olijhoek; Yolanda van der Graaf; Jan-Dirk Banga; Ale Algra; Ton J Rabelink; Frank L J Visseren Journal: Eur Heart J Date: 2004-02 Impact factor: 29.983
Authors: Tanya N Turan; Achraf A Makki; Samuel Tsappidi; George Cotsonis; Michael J Lynn; Harry J Cloft; Marc I Chimowitz Journal: Stroke Date: 2010-07-08 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: Ashkan Shoamanesh; Lesly A Pearce; Carlos Bazan; Luciana Catanese; Leslie A McClure; Mukul Sharma; Joan Marti-Fabregas; David C Anderson; Carlos S Kase; Robert G Hart; Oscar R Benavente Journal: Ann Neurol Date: 2017-07-19 Impact factor: 10.422
Authors: Jose Gutierrez; James Goldman; Andrew J Dwork; Mitchell S V Elkind; Randolph S Marshall; Susan Morgello Journal: Neurology Date: 2015-08-28 Impact factor: 9.910