The cost of intensified case finding and isoniazid preventive therapy for HIV-infected patients in Battambang, Cambodia.

SETTING: The current study evaluates one of four pilot sites initiated in Cambodia to establish feasible and effective ways to manage patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis (TB).
OBJECTIVE: To measure the costs of intensified case finding (ICF) and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) services for HIV-infected patients in Battambang Province, Cambodia.
DESIGN: We analyzed cost data retrospectively from September 2003 to February 2006 using a microcosting or ingredients-based approach and interviewed clinic personnel to determine the cost of ICF and IPT per person.
RESULTS: Adherence to IPT at Battambang IPT clinic was high (86%) relative to other reported studies of IPT among HIV patients in developing countries. The estimated cost per TB case averted through ICF was US$363, while the estimated cost per TB case averted through IPT was US$955.
CONCLUSION: Economic evaluations of TB-HIV integrated services are necessary as countries move to establish or scale-up these services. Based upon the estimated effectiveness of ICF and IPT used by other studies examining the provision of integrated HIV-TB services, the cost per TB case prevented by ICF and IPT in Battambang, Cambodia, is less than the reported cost of treating a new smear-positive TB case.