[Testing of optimality hypothesis for longevous flies D. melanogaster under artificial selection].

In agree with evolutionary principles the fitness of the organisms to environmental condition in a course of natural evolution moves to the optimum in the sense of maximization of reproductive success. Nonetheless, the optimality problem practically was never risen as regards to artificial selection. In the paper a Drosophila strain is analyzed which was subjected to artificial selection for longevity. Beforehand, mathematical modeling showed that natural Drosophila population held in captured condition was evolutionary optimal in the sense of maximization of reproductive success when resource allocation has been fixed between different functions of the organism. In the paper the less laborious analytical technique to analyze the optimality problem is proposed and it is shown that under artificial selection the resource allocation between the reproduction and somatic maintenance changes towards diminution of the resource devoted to reproduction. Such a population from the point of view of maximization of reproductive success loses the optimality characteristics and becomes non-optimal.