13-cis-retinoic acid alters methionine metabolism in rats.

The effect of dietary 13-cis-retinoic acid (CRA) on hepatic methionine metabolism was examined in young male rats. Rats were fed a 10% casein diet (controls) or this diet supplemented with L-methionine (10 g/kg diet), with or without the addition of CRA (100 mg/kg diet), for 10 d. Methionine-supplemented rats exhibited 7.3- and 1.7-fold greater concentrations of hepatic S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), respectively, relative to controls, which resulted in a 4.9-fold greater SAM:SAH ratio. Likewise, hepatic methionine and taurine concentrations were 6.9- and 4.3-fold greater, respectively, in methionine-supplemented rats than in controls. The addition of CRA to the methionine-supplemented diet prevented the elevations in the hepatic methionine concentration and the SAM:SAH ratio, whereas taurine levels were greater than in methionine-supplemented rats. In rats pretreated with the methionine-supplemented diet, a reduction in the SAM:SAH ratio occurred within 2 d following the addition of CRA to the methionine-supplemented diet. Rats receiving the methionine-supplemented diet exhibited 9.2- and 3.7-fold greater urinary taurine and inorganic sulfate excretions, respectively, relative to controls. Addition of CRA to the methionine-supplemented diet significantly reduced sulfate excretion by 21%. These findings indicate that dietary CRA has the ability to alter the catabolism of methionine and subsequently influence hepatic transmethylation as reflected by the SAM:SAH ratio.